Hopefully waiting to find a way out
2021 Abril Nicaragua
Three years have passed since the spontaneous uprising against the authoritari-an regime of Daniel Ortega in April 2018 that many see as a watershed...

Year one of the pandemic
2021 Marzo Nicaragua
March 18 marked one year since the first COVID-19 case was detected in Nicaragua. In that time, officialdom irresponsibly and persistently concealed...

The pieces are starting to fall into place for the election race
2021 Marzo Nicaragua
We are fast approaching the crucial month of May, set in a resolution by the Organization of American States (OAS) last October as the deadline by which...

Alea iacta est?
2021 Enero Nicaragua
Nicaragua is beginning the new year clueless about the evolution and possible mutations of the coronavirus in our country as it waits for at least one...

Two hurricanes and a financial deluge were game changers
2020 Diciembre Nicaragua
Both the dictatorship and the blue and white opposition were clearer about the steps to take—or avoid—as long as President Trump and his ever-changing...

The OAS sets a deadline: Is this the regime’s last opportunity?
2020 Noviembre Nicaragua
T here have been numerous OAS General Assembly and Permanent Council meetings, reports and resolutions about Nica¬ragua’s crisis over the past two years....

Before night sets in
2020 Octubre Nicaragua
September, the month of Nicaragua’s Independence celebrations, showed us a regime determined to let nothing stand in the way of it remaining in power...

“Until the storm clouds pass”
2020 Septiembre Nicaragua
The National Coalition’s prospects of being a strong and united force against the autho¬ritarian regime of Daniel Ortega and his wife are increasingly...

External resources give the regime economic breathing room
2020 Septiembre Nicaragua
Just as Fox News portrays a “parallel universe” much more favorable to President Trump than the other media outlets in the United States report on,...

Angels and demons
2020 Agosto Nicaragua
In the weeks before this year’s July 19th anniversary of the overthrow of the Somoza dictatorship, the question of how the regime would celebrate...

Can the social majority turn itself into the political majority?
2020 Julio Nicaragua
CID-Gallup used three words to sum up the findings of its latest poll, presented on June 17: “Nicaraguans want change.” That same day, seeing that the...

The regime’s worst hours... to date
2020 Junio Nicaragua
For three months President Daniel Ortega and his wife, Vice President Rosario Murillo, consistently denied the pandemic, ignoring the World Health Organization’s...

April 2018 + 2: Resisting the dictatorship and now the virus
2020 Mayo Nicaragua
In an April 6 article titled “Love in the time of COVID-19: negligence in the Nicaraguan response,” the prestigious British medical journal The Lancet...

The virus changed everything …
2020 Abril Nicaragua
The COVID-19 virus has drastically changed personal, famlily, national and global plans everywhere, and those of the Ortega regime have been no exception....

The marathon has begun …
2020 Marzo Nicaragua
With more than 60 political prisoners still behind bars, the entire country under official control, paramilitaries flaunting their repressive viciousness...

2020 will be a year of birth pains
2020 Febrero Nicaragua
Nicaragua is trying to break through the shell of its old political and social history to make way for a new one, but such a birth necessarily involves...

The effects of the unexpected Evo factor
2019 Diciembre Nicaragua
Evo Morales’ government, which enjoyed the best international media image of any in the ALBA group, came to an end following the loss of army and police...

Reflections of Nicaragua’s crisis in Latin America’s new social uprisings
2019 Noviembre Nicaragua
Before comparing and contrasting what has been happening the past couple of months in countries as near as Honduras and as far away as Chile with what...

The standoff between the majority and the dictatorship hits the year-and-a-half mark
2019 Octubre Nicaragua
The political drama between the Ortega-Murillo regime and the blue and white opposition continues after all these months, with neither side ceding. ...

The players move to their own beat as real time advances relentlessly
2019 Septiembre Nicaragua
In this year’s second national survey by the Borge y Asociados polling firm, conducted in mid-July, 63% of those surveyed said the country has not “returned...

Here until 2021… and even beyond?
2019 Agosto Nicaragua
On July 25, Nicaragua’s Student Day, representatives of the different university coalitions formed around the April 2018 rebellion against the Ortega...

An ultimatum to the dictatorship?
2019 Julio Nicaragua
Fifteen months after the civic rebellion sparked in April 2018, some analysts say the regime now has some serious dilemmas. It’s clear that “el...

Will the transition speed up or will Ortega kill the negotiations?
2019 Junio Nicaragua
Although the way out of the national crisis is clear—a serious negotiation that returns civil liberties, guarantees justice to the victims and establishes...

Where’s the way out…?
2019 Mayo Nicaragua
Nicaragua has not had a single day of “normality” since April 2018. The economy is paralyzed, and with no hint of recovery it looks worse every day:...

A year after the April rebellion: Still resisting and searching for resolution
2019 Abril Nicaragua
Way back in May-June 2018, a first round of talks was held to resolve the national political crisis that had been simmering silently for years but boiled...

Negotiation time again: For real or another stall?
2019 Marzo Nicaragua
“We can no longer talk about how we’re going to return to the situation before April. No longer! That has now passed! .... We need to have a table,...

Are we getting closer to the way out of the crisis?
2019 Febrero Nicaragua
Daniel Ortega’s project has been closely linked to Venezuela’s ever since 2007, when Ortega signed a political and economic alliance with Venezuelan...

Between uncertainty about the end and hope that “we’re winning”
2018 Diciembre Nicaragua
In April and even into May, a solution had seemed just around the corner. But the regime’s disproportionate and criminal use of force against the protests...

Resisting the strategy of terror
2018 Diciembre Nicaragua
By the May 30 attack on the Mothers’ Day march, the government’s strategy for dealing with the grassroots rebellion had become clear: repress (dismantle...

Year-end postscript
2018 Diciembre Nicaragua
As we close this special edition in English three weeks after the Spanish one, a series of particularly important events, some expected and some not,...

Pressing questions at the end of this year of rebellion
2018 Diciembre Nicaragua
This was a year of economic belt-tightening. If the political, social, economic and definitely humanitarian crisis doesn’t move toward resolution soon,...

In the lead-up to the insurrection the country was in a “betting mode”
2018 Diciembre Nicaragua
Tension was already in the air for the Ortega–Murillo government as we entered 2018. All through 2017 the economy had begun to chafe with the drop in...

After 100 days of insurrection, the world now knows what’s happening
2018 Diciembre Nicaragua
The massive and unjustifiable emotional stress on Nicaraguans imposed by the government’s policy of terror had become palpable by July. Everyone had...

April 2018: An insurrection of the nation’s consciousness
2018 Diciembre Nicaragua
Nicaragua hadn’t been front-page news in the international media for almost three decades. In April when the bloodshed began in Managua and later in...

Blue and white resistance v. the state of exception
2018 Diciembre Nicaragua
Six months into the April insurrection, Nicaragua entered an undeclared state of exception, the economy was poised for a nosedive and Washington’s sanctions...

Prologue
2018 Diciembre Nicaragua
April 2018 will be engraved forever on the national consciousness. The regime’s disproportionately repressive response to the first civic protests...

A regime shooting at a civic revolution
2018 Diciembre Nicaragua
The insurrection of civic consciousness that exploded in April was still very much alive in May. Many people in many municipalities continued protesting...

Pressing questions at the end of this year of rebellion
2018 Noviembre Nicaragua
This was a year of economic belt-tightening, largely but not only as a result of the political crisis. If that crisis continues unresolved, the coming...

Blue and white resistance v. the state of exception
2018 Octubre Nicaragua
Breaking news: On October 4, just as this issue was closing, more than 40 national and territorial-level civil society organizations headed by the Civic...

A time of uncertainty, a time of hope
2018 Septiembre Nicaragua
Five months into the insurrection of civic consciousness that hit the country in April, President Ortega is now proclaiming that the country is “normalized.”...

The world now knows what’s happening in Nicaragua
2018 Agosto Nicaragua
For some years now, poet-priest Ernesto Cardenal, Nicaragua’s “ambassador-at-large,” repeated wherever he has traveled that “the world needs to know...

Resisting the strategy of terror
2018 Julio Nicaragua
On May 30, when the regime’s police and parapolice—a.k.a. irregular paramilitary groups, thugs, mobs, shock troops—fired on the mammoth Mothers’ Day...

A cornered regime is shooting at a mounting civic revolution
2018 Junio Nicaragua
“ Mr. President, rethink with your Cabinet the path you have taken. An unarmed revolution has begun. There is no army vs. army here. It is a population...

April 2018: An insurrection of the nation’s consciousness
2018 Mayo Nicaragua
Nicaragua hasn’t been front-page news in the international media for years, but we returned to the headlines this historic April and the media will surely...

With the international siege closing in, the social networks are now a target
2018 Abril Nicaragua
The executive branch’s spokeswoman announced on March 12 that the legislative branch would be asked to conduct a “grand national debate” on “issues we...

The dilemmas of this “other time”
2018 Marzo Nicaragua
U S Secretary of State Rex Tillerson’s visit to five allied Latin American counties between February 2 and 7 just weeks before his inexplicable firing,...

The government and its allies are calling Washington’s cards
2018 Febrero Nicaragua
Never in Daniel Ortega’s presidency these past 11 years has his government experienced the level of tension with Washington it has in the last year or...

Three electoral scenarios in three Nicaraguas
2017 Diciembre Nicaragua
The government’s elite business allies and their lobbyists in Washington, hired to halt approval of the Nica Act designed to sanction the government...

The curtain’s up, the stage set and the script written
2017 Octubre Nicaragua
By unanimous voice vote, the US House of Representatives definitively approved the revised Nica Act on October 3, after Cuban-American Representatives...

Observers of the institutional eclipse
2017 Septiembre Nicaragua
With a month and a half to go before the November 5 municipal elections, historical militants of the once-revolutionary Sandinista National Liberation...

The “buds” are pinning their hopes on the OAS electoral observation
2017 Agosto Nicaragua
On the afternoon of July 19, at the celebration of the 38th anniversary of Nicaragua’s revolution, an already overcast and increasingly angry-looking...

Unsure where all this will end
2017 Julio Nicaragua
This month, in a national and international context laden with so many uncertainties it’s hard to imagine where it will all end, Nicaragua commemorates...

Three economic storm clouds looming in Nicaragua’s skies
2017 Junio Nicaragua
Fernando Delgado, the International Monetary Fund’s mission chief in Nicaragua, presented the IMF’s periodic evaluation of the country’s economy to President...

How can we free ourselves from something this serious?
2017 Mayo Nicaragua
Various analysts who know what goes on behind the scenes in Washington have been telling Nicaragua’s government advisers they’re making a big mistake...

To participate or not to participate: Is that the question?
2017 Abril Nicaragua
Three months into his adminis tration, President Trump has yet to define his policy toward Latin America. The members of Congress who sponsored the...

Under pressure, the government is buying time
2017 Marzo Nicaragua
The Ortega-Murillo government is under political pressure on at least two counts: the weight Daniel Ortega’s illegitimate reelection last November 6...

A presidential inauguration under clouding skies
2017 Febrero Nicaragua
President Ortega began his fourth term in office in conditions bearing little resemblance to those that ushered in his second and third terms in 2007...

A new move on the game board: The voters’ massive “NO!”
2016 Noviembre Nicaragua
The governing party was guaranteed a massive victory with no need for ballot fraud this time after having prohibited both national and international...

At a critical juncture without knowing where we’re bound
2016 Octubre Nicaragua
In response to all the moves by President Ortega to render Nicaragua’s November 6 general elections both a fraud and a farce, the opposition has been...

To vote or not to vote? That is the question
2016 Septiembre Nicaragua
Vote, abstain, annul one’s vote by damaging the ballot… these choices are causing anguishing discussions among Nicaraguans. The dilemma of whether to...

Not a stone will be left standing…
2016 Agosto Nicaragua
On July 28, Daniel Ortega made one of the most defining decisions of the single-party model he seems bent on imposing on this country: having already...

No bridge over these troubled waters
2016 Julio Nicaragua
Not even a week of uncertainty had passed since President Ortega had called electoral observers “shameless” and angrily decreed that “observation is...

Though Ortega holds a stacked deck, the opposition played its first cards
2016 Junio Nicaragua
On May 6, at the last possible legal minute, the Supreme Electoral Council (CSE) finally issued the official call for this year’s general elections....

How many more stones are in the river?
2016 Mayo Nicaragua
Just why President Ortega has dragged his feet for so long in giving the electoral branch the order to officially call the elections remains unanswered...

No path ahead
2016 Abril Nicaragua
The world and regional panorama has changed radically since Daniel Ortega won the presidency of Nicaragua for the third time in the 2011 elections. ...

Unifying of the dispersed forces and reckless signs of power
2016 Marzo Nicaragua
Raúl Obregón, general manager of the polling firm M&R Consultores, said again in February that President Daniel Ortega is “unbeatable” and that this...

A preliminary sketch of this year’s electoral scenario
2016 Febrero Nicaragua
Nicaragua is the only Latin American country today in which confidence in elections as a civic mechanism for changing government has taken a major dive....

Steeled against “risks” and “threats” Steeled against “risks” and “threats”
2015 Diciembre Nicaragua
All polls indicate majority support for already three-term president Ortega against a splintered and programless opposition that has allowed itself to...

Nicaragua briefs
2015 Diciembre Nicaragua
CUBAN MIGRANTS STUCK AT THE BORDER Thousands of Cuban citizens trying to enter Nicaragua from Costa Rica on November 15 were prevented from...

Interoceanic canal: “Stop that project!”
2015 Diciembre Nicaragua
On November 5, in an event that excluded independent media, the Nicaraguan government announced its approval of the Environmental and Social Impact Assessment...

The sum of all fears
2015 Noviembre Nicaragua
This month’s main events included the representative of the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), who is also represents the UN system in the...

Image at all cost
2015 Octubre Nicaragua
The first days of September brought a new outbreak of violence in Nicaragua’s North Cari¬bbean coast, specifically in indi¬ge¬nous communities of the...

Centralism + secrecy: A toxic combination
2015 Septiembre Nicaragua
Nicaragua’s current governing model, increasingly centralized over the past eight years, is already grappling with its latest challenge: to align everyone...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2015 Agosto Nicaragua
CORRUPTION IN THE TUMARÍN HYDROELECTRIC PROJECT The digital publication Istoé Brasil reported in early August that the private Brazilian...

Some are already milling around the electoral starting gate
2015 Agosto Nicaragua
With the traumatic Experience of the fraud in the 2011 presidential election and the 2008 and 2012 municipal ones still fresh in their mind, Nicaragua’s...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2015 Julio Nicaragua
CONFIDENCIAL INVESTIGATES ALBANISA For three months a joint team of journalists from the Nicaraguan weekly bulletin Confidencial...

Words for changing course
2015 Julio Nicaragua
Social justice and national sovereignty were General Sandino’s rallying cries. Fifty years later, the Sandinista revolution added three more—political...

May 23 in San Salvador, recounting Central America’s story
2015 Junio Nicaragua
The ceremony for the beatification of Monsignor Romero on Saturday, May 23, drew the largest gathering of people in El Salvador’s recent history. ...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2015 Junio Nicaragua
NICA IN THE FIFA SCANDALA Nicaraguan was among the seven top-level directors of the International Federation of Association Football (FIFA)...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2015 Mayo Nicaragua
RUSSIAN PLANES: MILITARY OR COMMERCIAL?In an interview with the Nicaraguan newspaper El Nuevo Diario in April, Russian ambassador to Nicaragua...

Governing with his back to it all
2015 Mayo Nicaragua
For a few years—how very long ago they now seem—Nicaragua was something of a Mecca to which anyone who wanted to be “someone with something to say” in...

Is Ortega’s project sinking in the quicksand?
2015 Abril Nicaragua
To identify the changes that have taken place in Nicaragua and beyond that don’t favor President Ortega, it’s worth recalling the advice a crony gave...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2015 Abril Nicaragua
IMF MISSION VISITAn International Monetary Fund mission visited Nicaragua for a week between March 4 and 11. Even though Nicaragua has not...

Insecurities in the region’ssafest country
2015 Marzo Nicaragua
THE MONTH Two current realities are causing major insecurity among the peasant populations of various rural areas. In the north, it’s the government’s...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2015 Marzo Nicaragua
TIME PERIODS AND LAND LIMITS TO THE CANAL CONCESSIONEnvironmental lawyer Mónica López Baltodano provided more precise data this month about...

The river that must be crossed and the stones that must be felt for
2015 Febrero Nicaragua
Chinese business magnate Wang Jing made a brief stopover in Nicaragua in December to star in a curiously insignificant inaugural act for such a colossal...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2015 Febrero Nicaragua
COSTA RICA RE THE CANALIn mid-December, Costa Rican Deputy Foreign Minister Alejandro Solano referred to the “many doubts” his country has about...

2014 wasn’t just any old year
2014 Diciembre Nicaragua
The favorable elements that for the past seven years have so amply bankrolled President Daniel Ortega’s economic and political maneuvering room began...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2014 Diciembre Nicaragua
OXFAM REPORT ON WORLD INEQUALITYOxfam International’s extensively researched and powerfully written report, “Even it up: Time to end extreme...

One black, one clear: Two vital liquids under threat
2014 Noviembre Nicaragua
The significant drop in oil prices could have seismic effects in Venezuela, with the aftershocks rattling the project of our presidential couple here...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2014 Noviembre Nicaragua
DISASTERS CAUSED BY THE RAINSAfter a severe drought in a good part of the country, October brought excessive rains, causing flooding and disasters...

“We’re going to defend our paradise against mining”
2014 Octubre Nicaragua
Petronilo López (PL): My name is Petronilo López; I’m a Christian and a member of the Assemblies of God. In my municipality, Rancho Grande,...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2014 Octubre Nicaragua
PRESIDENT ORTEGA’S HEALTHA September 10 communiqué by the Sandinista Renovation Movement (MRS) responding to the official information about...

The right to the truth and the duty to provide it
2014 Octubre Nicaragua
The communication strategy for Daniel Ortega’s new stage in government was revealed barely a month after his return to the presidency in 2007. It had...

Clouds in the government’s statistical heaven
2014 Septiembre Nicaragua
Extended drought, hunger, thirst, skyrocketing prices for beans and other staples, repercussions from the coffee fungus plague, economic downturn, budget...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2014 Septiembre Nicaragua
A BIRD? A FISH? A METEORITE?At roughly 11:30 the night of September 6, a huge explosion in a wooded area perilously near Managua’s international...

Will we always use violence to deal with our problems?
2014 Agosto Nicaragua
Chinese businessman Wang Jing arrived in Nicaragua on July 5, accompanied by a retinue of functionaries from HKND, the company he says will make the...

NICARAGUA BREVES
2014 Agosto Nicaragua
EXPLOSIVES FOR THE CANALTiang Je, an executive of the HKND Group, the Chinese company granted the interoceanic canal construction concession,...

Signs of climate change North and South
2014 Julio Nicaragua
After Nicaragua’s bishops presented their 14-page list of Social, institutional and environmental problems and challenges to President Ortega on May...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2014 Julio Nicaragua
INTEROCEANIC CANALOn June 5, the web page of HKND, the company of Wang Jing, the businessman whom President Ortega granted the right to construct...

A perfect crime?
2014 Junio Honduras
He left in a hurry, waving goodbye. “I’m off on holiday and I’m not here for anyone!” But he stopped before he closed the door to add: “…except for...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2014 Junio Nicaragua
POST-EARTHQUAKE After April’s earthquake crisis, described as a “complex event not easy to understand” by Wilfried Strauch, a German scientist...

The bishops’ document: A road map?
2014 Junio Nicaragua
When Archbishop of Managua Leopoldo Brenes returned to Nicaragua on March 4 after having been invested cardinal in Vatican City, we learned that, after...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2014 Mayo Nicaragua
EARTHQUAKE DAMAGEAs of May 3, the date of the last report before this issue closed, there had been a total of 661 aftershocks following the...

Seismic red alert on the Ides of April
2014 Mayo Nicaragua
In ancient Rome, the middle day of each calendar month was called the ides, and was considered to bring good omens. The ides of March went down in history...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2014 Abril Nicaragua
TUMARÍN HIDROELECTRIC PLANTAn agreement of understanding between the Brazilian consortium Electrobras – Queiroz Galvao and CHN of Nicaragua...

Less and less institutionality; more and more inequality
2014 Abril Nicaragua
The New Year kicked off with a surprise for Nicaragua when Pope Francis announced that one of his new cardinals would be Leopoldo Brenes, archbishop...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2014 Marzo Nicaragua
WASHINGTON ON NICARAGUA’S HUMAN RIGHTSThe 2013 US State Department report on the world’s human rights situation, released in February, contained...

Three mirrors to see ourselves in
2014 Marzo Nicaragua
In this globalized and hyper-informed planet on which more than seven billion human beings currently coexist, it’s almost impossible to avoid comparisons...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2014 Enero Nicaragua
DECREE ON SOCIAL SECURITY An administrative reform to the social security pension system went into effect on January 1. It was instituted by...

The Army is the final piece in Ortega’s political Project
2014 Enero Nicaragua
The changes to the Military Code were pushed through with an urgency very similar to what we saw with the constitutional reforms. After extremely limited...

Chronicle of a reform foretold
2013 Diciembre Nicaragua
Nicaragua will have a new Constitution in 2014, imposed by Daniel Ortega through the parliamentary majority he has enjoyed since the 2011 electoral fraud...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2013 Diciembre Nicaragua
INTEROCEANIC CANALIn the 19th Climate Change Conference, held in Poland in mid-November, Nicaragua was represented by President Ortega’s public...

NICARAGUA BREVES
2013 Noviembre Nicaragua
HEALTH RED ALERTCentral America is grappling with the most serious dengue epidemic of the past five years. The Pan American Health Organization...

Rearming in the north and reforming the Constitution
2013 Noviembre Nicaragua
Right before the Day of the Dead, we learned that the FSLN National Assembly bench had been given a sneak preview of a bill reforming 39 articles of...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2013 Octubre Nicaragua
NICARAGUA’S CANAL PROJECT: THE UN SPEECH…September 30 was the date of Nicaragua’s turn at the United Nations General Assembly podium. With...

The corporative government’s “miracle”
2013 Octubre Nicaragua
After a 10-month silence, on September 9 Colombia’s President Juan Manuel Santos finally announced his official response to the International Court of...

Two political initiatives and a canal in times of moral crisis
2013 Septiembre Nicaragua
Meeting in a Managua hotel, representatives from 14 expressions of political and social opposition to the “dictatorial Ortega government” who had come...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2013 Septiembre Nicaragua
NEVER-ENDING TERRITORIAL SQUABBLES WITH COSTA RICA…In a speech on August 13, President Ortega obliquely responded to Costa Rica’s insistence...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2013 Agosto Nicaragua
OIL EXPLORATION: WHO OWNS SEAFLOWER?Minister of Energy and Mines Emilio Rappaccioli confirmed the existence of a presidential decree granting...

Notes written beneath the trees of life
2013 Agosto Nicaragua
Is Nicaragua emerging from poverty? Will the interoceanic canal be built or is that megaproject only a fortune cookie prediction? Is the government...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2013 Julio Nicaragua
PETROCARIBE SUMMIT The eighth Petrocaribe Summit was held in Managua between June 27 and 29, and was attended by top officials and Heads of...

The challenge of the others
2013 Julio Nicaragua
It’s been a good while since Nicaragua was the focus of international news. This month two issues caught media attention abroad. One is a macro-project—the...

The Grand Canal: Dreams and smokescreens
2013 Junio Nicaragua
In his speech commemorating the birth of General César Augusto Sandino on May 18, President Daniel Ortega reported that during the Central American Presidents’...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2013 Junio Nicaragua
FOREIGN MINISTER’S EUROPEAN TOURNicaragua’s Foreign Minister Samuel Santos visited several European Union countries in the third week of May,...

Obama, Ortega and “meanwhile” in Venezuela
2013 Mayo Nicaragua
At just before midnight on Sunday, April 14, after Venezuela’s National Electoral Council announced the unexpectedly tight results that gave Nicolás...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2013 Mayo Nicaragua
OPPOSITION TO LAW 779Barely 10 months after the Comprehensive Law against Violence toward Women, an important victory of Nicaragua’s women’s...

Reflections from the “end of the world”
2013 Abril Nicaragua
The Latin American Left has come up with two widely opposing interpretations of the meaning of an Argentine cardinal of Jorge Mario Bergoglio’s stripe...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2013 Abril Nicaragua
VICE PRESIDENT ATTENDS POPE FRANCIS’ INVESTITURENeither Nicaraguan President Daniel Ortega nor First Lady Rosario Murillo went to the investiture...

Is it a bird? A plane? A cultural revolution…?
2013 Marzo Nicaragua
What’s the government’s new ambitious and wide-reaching step all about? Is it a cultural revolution, inserted into what is officially called “the second...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2013 Marzo Nicaragua
NICARAGUA’S RESPONSE TO THE DEATH OF PRESIDENT CHÁVEZThe evening of March 4, hours after Venezuelan President Hugo Chávez’s death was announced,...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2013 Enero Nicaragua
THE TELEVISA TRIALThe 17 men and 1 woman disguised as journalists for Mexico’s Televisa media network who were captured in August 2012 transporting...

Uncertainty is in the air
2013 Enero Nicaragua
On December 8, the national celebration of the Immaculate Conception in Nicaragua, things took a dramatic turn in Venezuela. The gravity of President...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2012 Diciembre Nicaragua
NICARAGUAN JOYPart of the November 26 message from the Communication and Citizenship coordinator reverberates with celebrations of The Hague...

Spaces are opening and closing
2012 Diciembre Nicaragua
The November 19 decision by the International Court of Justice (ICJ) in The Hague overjoyed Nicaragua and deeply upset Colombia. It came only two days...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2012 Noviembre Nicaragua
CONTROVERSIAL PURÍSIMA PUBLICITYAt the initiative of President Ortega and his wife, the government of Nicaragua took steps to get UNESCO to...

2012 municipal elections: Chronicle of an outcome foretold
2012 Noviembre Nicaragua
According to the official data of the Supreme Electoral Council (CSE), the FSLN won 134 of the country’s 153 mayoral seats with 67.9% of the total votes....

The path to the polls
2012 Octubre Nicaragua
As we approach the municipal elections on Sunday, November 4, two of the country’s de facto powers, the business elite and the Catholic hierarchy, took...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2012 Octubre Nicaragua
MAJOR ENVIRONMENTAL DANGERThe Humboldt Center, a Nicaraguan environmental NGO, unveiled a study in September warning of the environmental dangers...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2012 Septiembre Nicaragua
BOSAWAS IN DANGER OF EXTINCTIONA study financed by the German cooperation agency GTZ on deforestation and the agricultural frontier’s advance...

Silver bullets 25 years after Esquipulas
2012 Septiembre Nicaragua
The silver bullet is laden with symbolism due to the extraordinarily destructive power attributed to it over history. Balas de plata [Silver...

Pragmatism and shortsightedness rule the day
2012 Agosto Nicaragua
The Obama government’s decision on granting the Nicaraguan government the property waiver wasn’t expected until the July 31 deadline. But in the end...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2012 Agosto Nicaragua
TAX REFORM DEBATEThe debate between the government and the business elite over the tax reform the International Monetary Fund (IMF) requires...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2012 Julio Nicaragua
COSTA RICA REJECTS RULING AGAINST IT ON HIGHWAY ISSUEOn July 2 the six justices of the Central American Court of Justice (CCJ) issued a unanimous...

The dilemmas of these rainy months
2012 Julio Nicaragua
The dilemmas currently facing virtually all stakeholders—both Nicaraguan and US—aren’t totally new; they’ve been building for months. So perhaps no...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2012 Junio Nicaragua
NEW DISCOVERIES ABOUT THE RÍO SAN JUAN DISASTERAt the end of May, Costa Rica’s National Roadways Council admitted to the Costa Rican newspaper...

Trembles, shudders, waivers and narcs
2012 Junio Nicaragua
On May 11, during the American-Nicaraguan Chamber of Commerce lunch to welcome her, Phyllis Powers, the new US ambassador to Nicaragua warned that it...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2012 Mayo Nicaragua
PLC CONVENTION AND DISSIDENCEThe Constitutionalist Liberal Party’s April 29 “Great Convention” was preceded by a lot of expectation given the...

The first 100 days: Between urgency and lethargy
2012 Mayo Nicaragua
Any new government opens with its strongest cards in its first 100 days. And taking advantage of the support won at the polls, it also implements the...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2012 Abril Nicaragua
MURDER OF FACUNDO CABRALAlejandro Jiménez, a Costa Rican known as “El Palidejo” (paleface), accused of murdering Argentine singer Facundo Cabral...

Talks? Horse-trading? A shady deal? A pact? A national dialogue?
2012 Abril Nicaragua
After the initial indignation of anti-Sandinista voters, the organized opposition and even many Sandinistas following the alleged electoral fraud last...

Days of ash
2012 Marzo Nicaragua
The fraud so carefully organized by the electoral branch was designed to allow the governing Sandinista National Liberation Front (FSLN) to go less heavy-handedly...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2012 Marzo Nicaragua
SEXUAL ABUSE IN THE CHURCHRome’s Pontifical Gregorian University held a symposium titled “Towards healing and renewal” in the Vatican during...

A rerun with contradictions inside and out
2012 Enero Nicaragua
By January 10, the date of President Daniel Ortega’s second consecutive inauguration, the European governments still hadn’t congratulated him and Republican...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2012 Enero Nicaragua
LAW ON VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN APPROVEDBy an almost unanimous vote, the National Assembly passed the Comprehensive Law against Violence against...

After this fraud, the future will be written with an R
2011 Diciembre Nicaragua
On November 15, the Supreme Electoral Council (CSE) proclaimed Daniel Ortega reelected as President of Nicaragua until 2016 and allotted his party 62...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2011 Diciembre Nicaragua
NEW RÍO SAN JUAN CONFLICTA new conflict flared up in latef November between the governments of Nicaragua and Costa Rica, when Nicaragua learned...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2011 Octubre Nicaragua
A TABOO TOPIC GETS AIRED“A taboo topic in the Nicaraguan elections” written by Esteban Beltrán, director of Amnesty International Spain, for...

Last-minute pre-election fears, questions and warning signs
2011 Octubre Nicaragua
Following the fraudulent 2008 municipal elections, the specter of abstention began haunting many of the analyses of what could happen in the presidential...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2011 Septiembre Nicaragua
ORTEGA – GHADDAFIOn September 2, after having delivered four speeches without mentioning what was happening in Libya, President Daniel Ortega...

A civic fiesta, less than healthy competition or utter chaos?
2011 Septiembre Nicaragua
Politicians and journalists have typically trumpeted electoral periods in Nicaragua as a “civic fiesta.” With less than two months to go before election...

Another five years with more of the same?
2011 Agosto Nicaragua
It was assumed that at this year’s costly and colorful July 19 celebration President Ortega would announce some important aspects of the government...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2011 Agosto Nicaragua
FACUNDO CABRAL’S MURDERER HAS NICARAGUAN LINKSCentral Americans were deeply moved by the killing on July 9 in Guatemala of Argentine singer-songwriter...

Mysteries, times, fears and challenges
2011 Julio Nicaragua
According to the governing party’s official electoral campaign document, the Sandinista National Liberation Front (FSLN) believes it is reaching the...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2011 Julio Nicaragua
LEÓN’S COLONIAL CATHEDRAL DECLARED WORLD HERITAGEOn June 28, UNESCO unanimously added León’s Cathedral to its World Heritage list as an expression...

The end of a cycle or another FSLN mutation?
2011 Junio Nicaragua
The 17th Sao Paulo Forum was held in Managua in May. The forum began as an initiative of the Brazilian Workers’ Party in 1990 to discuss with other...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2011 Junio Nicaragua
THE CRISIS IN EL NUEVO DIARIOIn early May El Nuevo Diario’s journalists and public readers spend days of tense concern following an announcement...

A storm hit when the sky seemed calm
2011 Mayo Nicaragua
In the second week of April, Walter Porras, general director of Nicaragua’s internal revenue service, the DGI, was suddenly fired. Two months earlier,...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2011 Mayo Nicaragua
CARDINAL OBANDO ATTENDS BEATIFICATIONCardinal Miguel Obando attended the beatification of Pope John Paul II in Rome on May 1 at the invitation...

The Five Slots on November’s Ballot
2011 Abril Nicaragua
Meeting the deadline of the electoral calendar prepared by the Supreme Electoral Council, which continues to be headed by magistrates occupying their...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2011 Abril Nicaragua
ORTEGA’S INAUGURAL LESSONThe news in March that the FSLN’s electoral campaign chief in León would be Róger Gurdián, rector of León’s National...

The Libyan Connection
2011 Marzo Nicaragua
Although Libya is over 10,000 kilometers from Nicaragua, a good part of the Nicaraguan population has heard more references to this North African country...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2011 Marzo Nicaragua
CORRUPTION IN THE ELECTORAL BRANCHFor several days in the last week of February, El Nuevo Diario ran a powerful investigative series...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2011 Enero Nicaragua
THE COSTA RICA-NICARAGUA BORDER DISPUTE GOES ONOn January 11, Nicaragua and Costa Rica appeared before the International Court of Justice (ICJ)...

The Electoral Script
2011 Enero Nicaragua
One of the first campaign documents of the governing Sandinista National Liberation Front (FSLN) makes clear that “2011 isn’t just another presidential...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2010 Diciembre Nicaragua
THE BISHOPS’ LETTEROn November 17, the nine bishops on Nicaragua’s Bishop’s Council released a message which stated, among other things, that...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2010 Noviembre Nicaragua
EXCESSIVE RAINS PRODUCED EPIDEMICS AND CROP LOSSESAs a consequence of the copious rains this winter, an outbreak of leptospirosis was detected...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2010 Octubre Nicaragua
HYDROELECTRIC MEGA-PROJECT In late September, El Nuevo Diario published the details of a mega-project that experts say will cause a mega-environmental...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2010 Septiembre Nicaragua
ENDLESS RAINS CAUSE WIDESPREAD DISASTERAfter the climatic phenomenon called El Niño caused severe droughts last year, its sister phenomenon,...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2010 Agosto Nicaragua
A MEGA PORT PROJECT IN MONKEY POINTIn the first week of July, it was reported that a memorandum of understanding had been signed between...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2010 Julio Nicaragua
MINE-FREE NICARAGUAThe Army of Nicaragua announced on June 18 that the National Humanitarian De-mining Program begun 21 years ago has finally...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2010 Junio Nicaragua
WHERE, OH WHERE, TO ISSUE THE SOLIDARITY BONUSMay was rife with speculations, proposals and backtracking about how and where the government...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2010 Mayo Nicaragua
MANAGUA COULD DISAPPEARIn an event held in Managua on April 13, Argentine geologist José Viramonte was awarded honorary membership by Nicaragua’s...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2010 Abril Nicaragua
UNITED STATES AND ARNOLDO ALEMÁN Two US congressional aides, one from the US Senate Foreign Relations Committee and the other from the House...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2010 Marzo Nicaragua
PLAN TO COMBAT THE DROUGHT’S EFFECTS “WORKED OUT IN SILENCE”In mid-February President Ortega, who appeared concerned about forecasts that the...

For Suffering Haiti, The First Word...
2010 Enero Haití
Haiti is in pain. We had never seen a disaster so close and so terrifying as the earthquake of Tuesday, January 12. Never before had a Latin American...

Nicaragua Briefs
2010 Enero Nicaragua
DROUGHT AND HUNGEROn January 22, the agriculture and forestry minister announced that the government would create technical teams, including...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2009 Diciembre Nicaragua
ERNESTO CARDENAL EVICTED FROM HIS OWN HOTELOn orders “from above” and using procedures riddled with irregularities, a group of police officers...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2009 Noviembre Nicaragua
HURRICANE IDA: THE COAST LASHED AGAINOn November 4, Hurricane Ida hit the tourist centers of Corn Island and Little Corn Island with 75 mph...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2009 Octubre Nicaragua
POLICE DISMANTLE DRUG LABOn September 10, the National Police dismantled a clandestine laboratory on the outskirts of the municipality of Achuapa,...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2009 Septiembre Nicaragua
FREE OF ILLITERACYOn August 22, the government took advantage of the 29th anniversary of the conclusion of the 1980 Literacy Crusade to proclaim...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2009 Agosto Nicaragua
WORLD COURT DECIDES RÍO SAN JUAN CASEAlter disputes that have dragged on for 11 years, the 15 justices of the International Court of Justice...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2009 Julio Nicaragua
INFLUENZA A (H1N1) HITS NICARAGUAAfter several weeks in which the Ministry of Health attributed the new pandemic’s absence in Nicaragua to the...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2009 Junio Nicaragua
MISKITU INDEPENDENCE SUPPORTED IN SOUTHIn an act held in Bluefields in May, representatives of the Miskitu population in Nicaragua’s southern...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2009 Mayo Nicaragua
ANOTHER CHÁVEZ PROMISEAt the Seventh Summit of Latin American Bolivarian Alternative (ALBA) countries, held just before the Summit of the Americas...

Politics in the Time of Virus
2009 Mayo Nicaragua
Human influenza, nee swine flu, has not yet invaded Nicaragua. A presidential decree of two months of emergency, widespread publicizing of preventive...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2009 Abril Nicaragua
JOE BIDEN MEETS WITH THE REGION’S PRESIDENTSIn mid-March a Summit of Progressive Governments was held in which US Vice President Joe Biden...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2009 Marzo Nicaragua
A LITTLE TRANSPARENCY PROBLEM The director of the government’s Zero Hunger program, Gustavo Moreno, resigned his post on February 10, after...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2009 Enero Nicaragua
FROM RUSSIA WITH LOVE?Following the Latin American presidential summit in Brazil in mid-December, where he failed to get a word of support...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2008 Diciembre Nicaragua
OFFICIAL ELECTION RESULTSThe Supreme Electoral Council’s highly challenged results gave the Liberal Alliance 37 mayoral seats, four of which...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2008 Noviembre Nicaragua
EDGAR TIJERINO’S VOW OF SILENCEOn October 15, the influential Nicaraguan sports journalist Edgard Tijerino announced he would no longer be making...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2008 Octubre Nicaragua
ZOILAMÉRICA CLOSES HER CASEOn September 26, Attorney General Hernán Estrada presented a letter sent by Zoilamérica Narváez—who charged her stepfather...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2008 Septiembre Nicaragua
ORTEGA DIDN’T GO TO PARAGUAY…Although President Ortega was among those invited to the ceremony at which former Catholic Bishop Fernando Lugo...

The Path Taking Us “There”
2008 Agosto Nicaragua
Many have already qualified the upcoming municipal elections as a referendum on the first two years of Daniel Ortega’s second shot at governing the country,...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2008 Agosto Nicaragua
JULY 19 CELEBRATION OF THE SANDINISTA REVOLUTIONThe government celebrated the 29th anniversary of the Sandinista revolution with at least 300,000...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2008 Julio Nicaragua
NICHO MARENCOIn the first days of Dora María Téllez’s hunger strike, Dionisio Marenco, longtime FSLN luminary and currently mayor of Managua,...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2008 Junio Nicaragua
ABNORMAL CLIMATIC ACTIVITYTropical storm Alma hit Nicaragua’s Pacific zone with unexpected force on May 29. The damage caused by its 60-mile-an-hour...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2008 Mayo Nicaragua
THE CENI CONFLICT RAGES ONContinuing the confusing and contradictory way the government has been treating the controversial case of the bank...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2008 Abril Nicaragua
THE VIOLENCE JUST KEEPS ON GROWINGThe director of the National Police’s Women’s Police Stations, Commissioner Mercedes Ampié, revealed that...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2008 Marzo Nicaragua
ANICARAGUA’S STARVED FUTURE Research by the Nutrition Unit of the Education Ministry’s Comprehensive School Nutrition Program (PINE) has revealed...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2008 Enero Nicaragua
BISHOPS WORRIEDDuring the Immaculate Conception (Purísima ) celebrations, the Catholic Bishops’ Council of Nicaragua published a document analyzing...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2007 Noviembre Nicaragua
HURRICANE FELIX: HELP AND HUNGERA month and a half after Hurricane Felix ravaged the North Atlantic Autonomous Region (RAAN), Laura De Clementi,...

Nicaragua Briefs
2007 Octubre Nicaragua
MONEY LAUNDERINGWhile inaugurating a seminar on research techniques for financial crimes for officials of Nicaragua’s police department, attorney...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2007 Septiembre Nicaragua
AMNESTY PROJECTDuring August some PLC legislators dusted off the shelved general amnesty bill for all officials of the governments of Arnoldo...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2007 Agosto Nicaragua
ALEMÁN’S TRIAL SET IN PANAMAOn July 20, Panamanian criminal judge Adolfo Mejía subpoenaed former Nicaraguan President Arnoldo Alemán, his wife,...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2007 Julio Nicaragua
DRUG TRAFFICKING AND THE JUDICIAL SYSTEMAs the National Police (PN) continued hammering away at the logistics of the international drug trade...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2007 Junio Nicaragua
OPPOSITION UNITY SEESAWSDuring the May 19 celebration of Sandino’s birth, President Ortega disparaged the various proposals for organizing and...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2007 Mayo Nicaragua
THREE MINISTERS FIRED ALREADYIn the first hundred days of his new government, President Ortega fired three Cabinet ministers, all of them women....

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2007 Abril Nicaragua
THE DEBATE OVER ETHANOL HEATS UPAfter George W. Bush’s trip through Latin America in March, the issue of producing bio-fuels to replace the...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2007 Marzo Nicaragua
ARNOLDO ALEMÁN MEDDLES IN LIBERAL UNITY TALKSIn an interview for the Univision TV network, broadcast on February 15 in Miami and repeated...

Nicaragua Briefs
2007 Febrero Nicaragua
MRS ALLIANCE BETRAYED BY TWO OF ITS LEGISLATORSThe MRS Alliance, which won five legislative seats in the elections last November 5, ended...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2006 Noviembre Nicaragua
CONSTITUTIONAL REFORMSThe constitutional reforms pushed through in 2005 by the FSLN and PLC benches in accord with the pact between their leaders...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2006 Octubre Nicaragua
MASSIVE METHANOL POISONINGIn early September, the hospital in León suddenly began to fill up with patients suffering from severe cardiac, renal...

Nicaragua Briefs
2006 Septiembre Nicaragua
ABORTION CONTROVERSYOn August 10, the final day of festivities honoring Santo Domingo, Managua’s patron saint, the tiny statue was carried through...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2006 Agosto Nicaragua
OAS ELECTORAL OBSERVERS CRITICAL OF PROCESSThe following obstacles to the country’s electoral process are underscored in a report submitted...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2006 Julio Nicaragua
HOW MANY ARE WE?On June 29 the Nicaraguan Institute of Statistics and Censuses (INEC) presented the results of its eighth population census...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2006 Junio Nicaragua
CENI BOND INVESTIGATION SINGES SOME FEATHERSThe institutional investigation into the CENI bonds continued through May. The CENIs were issued...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2006 Mayo Nicaragua
THE CENI BONDS: A MAMMOTH FRAUD?In early April, the Comptroller General’s Office (CGR) opened an investigation into the domestic debt dragging...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2006 Abril Nicaragua
“MIRACLE MISSION”The government of Venezuela announced on March 10 that it is bringing its “Miracle Mission” to Nicaragua. Over the next ten...

Nicaragua Briefs
2005 Noviembre Nicaragua
DRUG MONEY GOES MISSINGA huge scandal involving a Supreme Court justice, various judges and an unnamed notary public—all of them mutual friends...

Central America Cries
2005 Octubre Centroamérica
The rain didn’t stop for days. And even now we haven’t stopped crying. Just as we were closing this issue of envío, October brought us days of interminable...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2005 Octubre Nicaragua
CONFLICT HEATS UP AGAIN OVER THE RÍO SAN JUANNicaragua and Costa Rica rekindled their long-time conflict over the Río San Juan, which marks...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2005 Agosto Nicaragua
BOLAÑOS’ SON DIES AT 50President Bolaños’ youngest son Jorge died at the age of 50 on July 27. He was rushed from Managua to a Miami hospital...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2005 Julio Nicaragua
MEGA-SALARIES SLASHED... BRIEFLYThe National Assembly finally approved the salary regulation law in June. This law, so unpopular with all the...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2005 Junio Nicaragua
CIVIL COORDINATOR GIVEN A RUN FOR ITS MONEYThe Civil Coordinator, an umbrella group of some 450 social organizations and NGOs formed originally...

Victims of Nemagon Hit the Road
2005 Junio Nicaragua
The march began in February. More than three thousand men, women, children and elderly people walked the 150 kilometers from Chinandega to the capital...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2005 Mayo Nicaragua
ROUGH JUSTICE FOR FUTURE POLICE CHIEF?On April 16, as the protests against the bus fare hike began to peak, President Bolaños surprisingly...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2005 Febrero Nicaragua
BOLAÑOS ON THE ASIAN TSUNAMI: AN INSPIRING FUNDRAISEROn January 10, while presenting his annual report to the National Assembly, President...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2004 Marzo Nicaragua
JUDICIAL CAREER BILLPresident Bolaños presented his judicial career bill on February 3. Its primary aim is to professionalize and eliminate...

The FACS: A Microcosm of National Ills
2003 Diciembre Nicaragua
On November 28, the Nicaraguan public was just recovering from the shock of Arnoldo Alemán being transferred from his jail cell to a novel form of “house”...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2003 Noviembre Nicaragua
RICH STATE EMPLOYEES VS. POOR When President Bolaños presented next year’s national budget bill, he also proposed cutting 10% of the salaries...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2003 Octubre Nicaragua
PERCEPTION OF CORRUPTION Nicaragua obtained only a 2.6 rating in Transparency International’s 2003 Corruption Perception Index. Nicaragua is...

Another Kind of Development and Integration Is Possible
2003 Octubre América Latina
Concern about Latin America¡¦s development includes a dimension without which any project for this continent is unthinkable: the well-being of the entire...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2003 Septiembre Nicaragua
CONTINUING CONTROVERSY OVER NICAS IN IRAQ A task force of 115 Nicaraguan army personnel (sappers, doctors and their defense support) left Nicaragua...

The Challenges of Bioethics: What the Different Religions Have to Say
2003 Agosto Nicaragua
We are increasingly accustomed to ethical questions related to issues such as in-vitro fertilization, clon ing or euthanasia, which can trigger passionate...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2003 Agosto Nicaragua
HIGH-FLYING US BIRD BROUGHT DOWN On July 11, the National Police captured a young US banker named Marc Harris and deported him in a matter...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2003 Julio Nicaragua
ALEMÁN PROPERTIES EMBARGOED On June 20, the Attorney General’s Office ordered the state to seize La Chinampa, a 1,700-acre farm belonging to...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2003 Junio Nicaragua
THE DRUG WORLD OF THE CARIBBEAN COAST Throughout the month of May, the public was treated to increasingly precise and serious news reports about...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2003 Mayo Nicaragua
THE DATA TRADE News that a Guatemalan business in Nicaragua called Infor.net plus two other companies had for months been gathering personal...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2003 Marzo Nicaragua
NICARAGUA AGAINST IRAQ In the February 19 UN debate on the Iraq issue, the Latin American countries did not present a united front. Nicaragua...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2003 Enero Nicaragua
ARMS TRAFFIC SCANDAL The controversial results of an investigation conducted by the Organization of American States at the request of the Nicaraguan,...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2002 Noviembre Nicaragua
NEXT YEAR’S BUDGET TOUCHING THE BOTTOM OF THE BARREL On October 15, the executive branch submitted its 2003 budget bill to the National Assembly...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2002 Octubre Nicaragua
NICARAGUA-COSTA RICA AGREEMENT During an extraordinary summit meeting of Central American Presidents held in Alajuela, Costa Rica, on September...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2002 Septiembre Nicaragua
PRIVATIZATION OF WATER SERVICE FRAUGHT WITH CONFLICTS It is common knowledge that both Liberal and Sandinista leaders and the big business that...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2002 Julio Nicaragua
IDESO-UCA POLL ON CORRUPTION On June 14-15, the Central American University’s Institute of Surveys and Opinion Polls (IDESO) measured the perceptions...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2002 Junio Nicaragua
FLOOD DISASTER The rains that fell across the country, especially the Pacific, between May 27 and 29 obliged the government to decree a state...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2002 Mayo Nicaragua
VIOLENCE IN THE ATLANTIC COAST May 4 was the date scheduled for the inaugural session of the new Regional Councils elected in March in the North...

The Autonomous Women’s Movement Makes 10 Demands on the Government
2002 Abril Nicaragua
Over five decades have passed since the Nicaraguan autonomous women’s movement started building to fight for political and social democracy without...

The "New Era" Begins Amid Check Scams and Blank Checks
2002 Enero Nicaragua
President Bolaños is fond of repeating that Nicaragua has entered a "new era," and every day he and his ministers try to offer some sign to that effect....

The Road to the Elections Was Paved with Fraud
2001 Noviembre Nicaragua
Towards the end of 1997, Nicaraguans began to hear the first rumors and fragmentary bits of news about a pact being forged by Arnoldo Alemán and Daniel...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2001 Noviembre Nicaragua
CIDH UPHOLDS ZOILAMÉRICA CASE Exactly two years ago, Daniel Ortega’s stepdaughter Zoilamérica Narváez filed a suit with the Inter-American Human...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2001 Octubre Nicaragua
MANAGUA HOSTS ANTI-MINES CONFERENCE With the world immersed in crisis following the attack on the United States, Managua hosted the III Conference...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2001 Septiembre Nicaragua
PRIVATIZATION OF ENITEL On August 30, after several failed tries, the government finally closed a deal to sell off 40% of the shares of Nicaragua’s...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2001 Julio Nicaragua
PRESIDENT ALEMÁN HITS THE ROAD…Amid all the tension in Managua in mid- June generated by a two-week-long bus strike and two weeks of paralysis...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2001 Junio Nicaragua
PUBLIC TRANSPORT CRISIS A decision in mid-May by around 40 Managua bus cooperatives to raise the fare from two to three córdobas without any...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2001 Abril Nicaragua
CAROUSING CORRUPTION, CGR RESIGNATION In mid-March, the Office of Comptroller General (CGR) issued a resolution establishing that a 1979 decree...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2001 Marzo Nicaragua
TAKING FROM THE POOR The Inter-American Development Bank (IDB) pressured President Alemán into issuing an order that would stop his Constitutionalist...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2001 Enero Nicaragua
ENTRY INTO THE HIPC After two attempts to get into the Initiative for Highly Indebted Poor Countries (HIPC), which failed because the Alemán...

Nicaragua’s Municipal Elections: The Good, the Bad and the Uncertain
2000 Noviembre Nicaragua
Nicaragua’s November 5 municipal elections came to a lamentable finish, with the governing Constitutionalist Liberal Party (PLC) leaders putting off...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2000 Noviembre Nicaragua
BUDGET GAMES: 2001 President Alemán sent the National Assembly the budget bill for his last year in office on October 31. The following are...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2000 Octubre Nicaragua
GAMES BANKERS AND POLITICIANS PLAY On September 7, producers from various parts of the country together with employees of the Centeno brothers...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2000 Septiembre Nicaragua
THE FATE OF NEW PARTIES On August 14, former Liberal Minister of Government José Antonio Alvarado and retired army chief Joaquín Cuadra submitted...

Educational Reform in Latin America: "It Needs to be Turned Around"
2000 Septiembre América Latina
The start of a new decade and of a new century is an invitation to reflect on past achievements and to prepare a future agenda based on new available...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2000 Agosto Nicaragua
ANOTHER ANNIVERSARY OF THE REVOLUTION Some fifty thousand people gathered across the street from the Plaza of the Revolution on July 19 to honor...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2000 Julio Nicaragua
THE CHECK SCAM: DISMISSALS… Fallout from the June 7 resolution of the Office of Comptroller General (CGR) on the "check scam" corruption case...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2000 Junio Nicaragua
POVERTY IN COLD NUMBERS According to the figures of a household survey done recently by the United Nations Development Program UNDP), only 50%...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2000 Mayo Nicaragua
US EMBASSY USES CARROT ON CORRUPTION… After very specific criticisms of the government’s laxity in dealing with corruption, US Ambassador Oliver...

After Hurricane Mitch: An Untold Story
2000 Mayo Honduras
What has happened to the reconstruction funds allocated to Honduras, the Central American country most devastated by the passage of Hurricane Mitch...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
2000 Abril Nicaragua
VETERANS PROTEST On April 6, hundreds of veterans from the Nicaraguan Resistance set up barricades at various strategic points along major highways....

A Rebel in the Cause Of African Renaissance
1999 Agosto Internacional
A struggle for political power is dragging the Kingdom of Lesotho towards the abyss of a violent conflict. The Democratic Republic of Congo is sliding...

The Comptroller’s Office and Corruption: What does Managua Think?
1999 Abril Nicaragua
On March 27-28, IDESO, envío's institute of surveys and opinion samplings set out to gather these opinions, which are so frequently neglected...

How Managua Saw the Passage of Hurricane Mitch
1998 Diciembre Nicaragua
How have people in Managua perceived and experienced the catastrophe brought by Mitch? Have the actions of the government and other sectors corresponded...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
1998 Diciembre Nicaragua
POST-HURRICANE WATCH Posoltega: An Immodest Proposal On November 30, following the one-month outdoor mass held for the nearly two thousand people...

The Rights and Duties of Community Radio
1998 Octubre América Latina
1. Communication is a universal and fundamental human right. The word brings us closer together, opens us up to each other, develops us, makes us better...

Government-FSLN Pact: Where Are the People?
1998 Septiembre Nicaragua
IDESO surveyed 950 inhabitants of Managua on September 5-7. Of those, 40.9% were willing to state their political sympathies. The objective was to...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
1998 Septiembre Nicaragua
MUNICIPAL GOVERNMENTS WRUNG DRY More than 40 of the country's 147 municipal governments run the risk of coming to a total halt due to their...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
1998 Junio Nicaragua
ELECTION IRREGULARITIES INVESTIGATED The Interamerican Human Rights Commission (CIDH), a Washington-based agency of the Organization of American...

"We Need Fair Trade, Not Free Trade"
1998 Junio América Latina
AS MEMBERS OF UNIONS, SOCIAL AND HUMAN RIGHTS ORGANIZATIONS AND ORGANIZATIONS OF WOMEN, indigenous, educators, environmentalists and parliamentarians...

Putting Life Before Debt
1998 Junio Internacional
International debt is a dangerous obstacle to Human Development, forcing the world's most impoverished countries to use scarce resources to pay their...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
1998 Mayo Nicaragua
BIG DRUG BUST On a lonely Pacific Coast beach of the department of Rivas in mid-April, a little before the "presidential drug jet" scandal...

A War Between Indigenous Memory and Government Amnesia
1998 Abril México
Ever since the uprising of the Zapatista National Liberation Army (EZLN) on January 1, 1994, Mexican society has turned its eyes to "deep Mexico." The...

The Zoilamérica Case: Some Protagonists Speak
1998 Marzo Nicaragua
Zoilamérica: "A prolonged aggression"My very dear friends: I'm writing this letter for those of you whose company, esteem and solidarity are...

Caribbean Voices: Coast Women Share their Agenda
1998 Febrero Nicaragua
1. Promote a Code of Ethics among women covering the following points:- recognize the importance of all women participating equally. - combat...

Multilateral Investment Agreement: A World Alert
1998 Febrero Internacional
THE ANNUAL MEETING OF THE WORLD ECONOMIC FORUM WAS HELD IN DAVOS, SWITZERLAND, from January 19 to February 3. This forum is the private club of the planet's...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
1997 Octubre Nicaragua
POVERTY KEEPS MOUNTING A study by the research institute Nitlapán-UCA, published in mid-August, shows that only 18.3% of the Nicaraguan population...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
1997 Septiembre Nicaragua
6% STRUGGLE GOES ONThe conflict between the universities and the government over the total or partial provision of 6% of the national budget...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
1997 Julio Nicaragua
TWO MINISTERS FIRED, ONE RESIGNS Francisco José Laínez, the prestigious Central Bank president in the 1960s who was named by Alemán as his Minister...

Peace on the Surface, Torment Underneath
1997 Mayo Nicaragua
The Liberal Party is an historic party rooted in national history. Independence was the product of illustrious men who carried our libertarian ideas:...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
1997 Mayo Nicaragua
ALEMÁN AT THE IDB The most numerous Latin American delegation at the annual Assembly of the Interamerican Development Bank (IDB), held in Barcelona,...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
1997 Abril Nicaragua
DEMOBILIZATION OF REARMED HITS SOME SNAGS A proposal by the new Ministry of Government to give amnesty to those in the rearmed groups who hand...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
1997 Febrero Nicaragua
MORE ON THE ELECTIONS The International Relations Secretary of Mexico's Party of the Democratic Revolution (PRD) sent a message to the FSLN...

A Nicaragua of the People and for the People Nicaragua's Commitment to a Minimum National Agenda Managua, 1996
1996 Octubre Nicaragua
Since 1995, as part of its program, the International Foundation for Global Economic Development (FIDEG) held a series of dialogues with diverse sectors...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
1996 Octubre Nicaragua
VOTER CONFUSION This year Nicaraguan voters are bewildered not only by the six ballots they must grapple with, but also by three different kinds...

Armed Forces As Peacemaker?
1996 Septiembre Centroamérica
Some years ago, Central America's armed forces, located at the epicenter of unquestionable power, were major protagonists of wars triggered by arrogance,...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
1996 Agosto Nicaragua
CHAMORRO VETOES 6% FOR UNIVERSITIES On May 10, President Chamorro vetoed the law, passed by the National Assembly on April 18, that affirms...

Helms-Burton Law: Cubans Speak
1996 Mayo Cuba
On March 12, US President Bill Clinton signed into law the controversial legislation formally titled Cuban Liberty and Democratic Solidarity, but better...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
1996 Abril Nicaragua
Rural ViolenceReports of kidnappings, intimidation and atrocious killings around Waslala and other areas in northern Nicaragua continued to...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
1996 Enero Nicaragua
CERRO NEGRO ERUPTS AGAIN The 700 meter high volcano called Cerro Negro, located some 20 kilometers outside of the city of León, began to erupt...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
1995 Diciembre Nicaragua
ELECTORAL SKIRMISHES Antonio Lacayo inaugurated the Managua campaign headquarters of his National Project (PRONAL) in mid October, giving out...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
1995 Julio Nicaragua
ANONYMOUS TERRORISM Several dynamite attacks were carried out against churches in León, Managua and Masaya during May. No organization or individual...

Government of the Absurd Plays Another Month
1995 Julio Nicaragua
Nicaragua has changed. In the 1980s this small country offered hope and inspiration to many, both at home and abroad. The vigorous enthusiasm of the...

Burning Questions, Pending Tasks
1995 Mayo Haití
On March 31, the multinational military force of over 20,000, largely US, soldiers that had occupied Haiti since September 1994, left the country. They...

Summit of the Americas: Only the US Wins
1995 Febrero América Latina
The Summit of the Americas, held in Miami on December 9 11, 1994, enjoyed the presence of all but one of the 35 heads of state from the Americas and...

FMLN's Convention Resolutions
1995 Febrero El Salvador
In December, the People's Renovating Expression (ERP) and the National Resistance (RN) announced their definitive withdrawal from the FMLN. Despite...

World Bank and IMF: Guilty as Charged
1994 Diciembre Internacional
The session of the Permanent Peoples' Tribunal was convoked by the International Lelio Basso Foundation for the Liberation and Rights of Peoples, in...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
1994 Diciembre Nicaragua
A STRIKE WARNING On October 25, 80% of the health workers throughout Nicaragua stopped their labors for a day, except for emergency care, to...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
1994 Noviembre Nicaragua
FSLN CRISIS On September 9, 76 of the Sandinista Assembly's 120 members voted to return FSLN general secretary Daniel Ortega to his seat in...

World Bank and IMF to the Stand
1994 Octubre Internacional
This year marks the 50th anniversary of the founding of the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund (IMF), two institutions targeted by growing...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
1994 Septiembre Nicaragua
NO LIGHT AT THE END OF THE TUNNEL A month of drastic energy rationing throughout Nicaragua (cuts of eight hours a day at first, now reduced...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
1994 Agosto Nicaragua
CONSTITUTIONAL REFORMS SNAGGED Contrary to expectations, the National Assembly went the entire month of June without receiving the package of...

A Rather Extraordinary Congress
1994 Julio Nicaragua
On May 20-22, the FSLN celebrated an extraordinary session of its First Congress, called to debate and pass reforms to the FSLN statutes and program,...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
1994 Julio Nicaragua
TORRICELLI VISIT: AN UNVEILED THREAT At the beginning of June, US Congressman Robert Torricelli (D NJ) made a five day visit to "inspect" Nicaragua's...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
1994 Junio Nicaragua
FSLN CONGRESS In the last half of April, Sandinistas held departmental congresses all over the country to discuss the preparatory documents...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
1994 Mayo Nicaragua
CONSTITUTIONAL REFORMS The reforms to the Constitution, which the new majority in Nicaragua's National Assembly announced would be ready for...

Time for the Horse to Pull the Cart
1994 Abril Nicaragua
Hours before the fourth anniversary of that night of February 25 that flipped Nicaragua's history on its head, the Northern Front 3-80, headed by José...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
1994 Abril Nicaragua
DRUGS IN NICARAGUA Operation Ocean, Nicaragua's most spectacular anti-drug operation ever, was carried out on January 12 on the beach at Popoyo,...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
1994 Febrero Nicaragua
CONGRESS OF EX CONTRAS The First National Congress of former combatants in the Nicaraguan Resistance was held in Managua in the first week of...

New Political Setting, same Rotten Economy
1994 Febrero Nicaragua
As last year drew to a close, the political polarization that had kept Nicaragua's legislative branch virtually non functional since September 1992 finally...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
1994 Enero Nicaragua
IS THE POLITICAL DIALOGUE REALLY GOING SOMEWHERE? The on again off again political dialogue in Nicaragua is finally feeling the pinch of realism...

Happy New Year From the IMF
1994 Enero Nicaragua
(Note to our readers: This month we are dedicating this space exclusively to the implications of a new agreement package brought to Nicaragua by the...

Time to Talk to Each Other... Not at each Other
1993 Diciembre Nicaragua
Nicaragua's crisis is expressed two ways, both demonstrating how far it has gone: the country is politically ungovernable and economically non viable....

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
1993 Diciembre Nicaragua
DISARM OR ELSE Hoping to avoid a military response, the government extended the date for rearmed groups to lay down their weapons one more time....

Is It Time for Another Literacy Crusade?
1993 Diciembre Nicaragua
Thirteen years have passed since the National Literacy Crusade, one of the revolution's most beautiful undertakings. Today, illiteracy levels have...

Transport Workers V. The Whole Economic Plan
1993 Noviembre Nicaragua
The national transport strike in mid September may turn out to be the most important social event since the Chamorro government took office. For the...

Nicaragua's Polarization is Reaching the Boiling Point
1993 Octubre Nicaragua
Nicaragua is demonstrating that the attempt to install a counterrevolution can be just as explosive as making a revolution. The following summary of...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
1993 Octubre Nicaragua
MORE ON THE EPS EXECUTIVE CRISIS In her remarks during the Army Day celebration President Chamorro also announced that she will promote a constitutional...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
1993 Septiembre Nicaragua
POLITICAL SIDELIGHTS ON THE ESTELÍ EVENTS Two hours after the Revolutionary Front of Workers and Peasants (FROC) whose members are mainly "recompas,"...

Indefinition in Washington, Intransigence in Nicaragua
1993 Julio Nicaragua
Within hours after a car full of explosives--which happened to be parked over a huge buried arms cache in the middle of a Managua neighborhood--blew...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
1993 Julio Nicaragua
ARMY REPORT TO THE OAS General Humberto Ortega informed the secretary general of the Organization of American States (OAS) in April that Nicaragua's...

Introduction to this Edition
1993 Junio Nicaragua
A UNIQUE EDITION AT A UNIQUE TIMEAt the center of Nicaragua's attention is an economy at the edge of collapse. Three years have gone by, with...

The Far Right: 10 Months on the Offensive
1993 Mayo Nicaragua
On April 2, the US government informed President Chamorro that the $54 million in economic aid approved for 1992 withheld since May of that year for...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
1993 Mayo Nicaragua
The Chamorro government won an important political and economic victory in the April meeting of the "Paris Club" donor countries in France. According...

USAID's Strategy in Nicaragua
1993 Mayo Nicaragua
With President Bill Clinton's arrival at the White House and the strengthening of the Democrats in Congress, information and speculation about changes...

Rural Violence and the Right Wing's Try for Chaos
1993 Abril Nicaragua
The war that the Reagan administration unleashed against the Nicaraguan revolution capitalized on the discontent of Nicaraguan peasants, especially those...

The Apathetic are not Centrists; as the Left we Must win their Support
1993 Abril El Salvador
."The FMLN must continue to be, above all, the force that embodies this country's democratic transformations, the force that works for the interests...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
1993 Abril Nicaragua
According to UNICEF, 165,580 children in Nicaragua live "in difficult circumstances." Of those, 107,000 "work" up to 12 hours a day in the streets ...

New Year, New US President, New Look in Nicaragua
1993 Enero Nicaragua
At first glance, the contrast in Nicaragua between the last two months of 1992 and the first one of 1993 could hardly be greater. Although more months...

Rigoberta for President?
1993 Enero Guatemala
The Serrano Elías government had moved mountains to prevent the coveted Nobel Peace Prize from being awarded to an indigenous Guatemalan woman named...

Honduras: Early Moves in the Electoral Game
1992 Diciembre Honduras
Honduras' current electoral law obliges all legally registered political parties to select their own officers and candidates for government office by...

El Salvador: Up Against the Calendar
1992 Diciembre El Salvador
On October 26, less than a week before the October 31 deadline, the United Nations proposed a recalendarization of the peace process in El Salvador,...

A Brisk Trade in Illusions
1992 Diciembre Nicaragua
Among the many labor protests that shook Nicaragua in October, one of them particularly affected the populace: the lottery ticket sellers' strike to...

Rigoberta Menchú in Nicaragua
1992 Diciembre Guatemala
On October 16, Rigoberta Menchú Tum, heir of the Maya-Quiché people of Guatemala, was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize. The Nobel Committee recognized...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
1992 Noviembre Nicaragua
TIDAL WAVE DATA The army Civil Defense Department's tally of human damage caused by the September 2 tidal wave is 118 dead, 89 injured, 63 disappeared...

The Social Tidal Wave
1992 Noviembre Nicaragua
The international media seldom consider third world countries newsworthy, and then usually only if the item is a disaster, natural or otherwise, as occurred...

Everything the Same?
1992 Noviembre Guatemala
Nothing seems to change in Guatemala. After initially trying to strengthen civilian power, President Jorge Serrano seems to have completely abandoned...

UN Urges Greater Progress in Peace Agreement
1992 Noviembre El Salvador
UN representative Marrack Goulding's visit to El Salvador in August was convincing: advances had to be made in complying with the accords according to...

Ending the Trauma of Terror
1992 Octubre El Salvador
El Salvador has more than 75,000 war dead and thousands of disappeared persons—the majority of them victims of a systematic violation of fundamental...

Economic Takeoff: The Little Train that Couldn’t
1992 Octubre Nicaragua
The political paralysis caused by continuous disputes between the far right, the government and the FSLN has not interfered with the implementation of...

People vs. Neoliberalism: Who Will Fold First?
1992 Octubre Nicaragua
The poker game whose pot is the release of $104 million in US aid is still being played, and the US and Nicaraguan ultra-Right continue to up the ante....

More Stops and Starts
1992 Octubre El Salvador
Despite high expectations for advances in fulfilling the new peace accord calendar in July, the FMLN's second round of demobilization did not take place...

Some Birds with Clipped Wings Still Fly
1992 Octubre Nicaragua
They're young, for the most part, like the others. But they're different. A war they didn't seek—none had ambitions to be a hero—ripped a piece out...

Foreign Investment, Environment and Autonomy
1992 Septiembre Nicaragua
Many believe that foreign investment is the solution to all of Nicaragua's economic problems and, therefore, should be promoted at any cost. But there...

The Labor Code: Workers’ Rights vs. Economic Recovery?
1992 Septiembre Nicaragua
Unemployment in Nicaragua has reached the highest levels ever registered. Estimates vary according to the source, but the government, business sector...

Five Facets of Honduras
1992 Septiembre Honduras
* Economic. The Callejas government continues to dutifully apply the adjustments dictated by the multinational lending agencies, but a capitalist...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
1992 Septiembre Nicaragua
PROTESTS TURN VIOLENT Three separate protests in Managua by distinct sectors, each with their own demands and tactics, converged in a moment...

The US-Nicaraguan Honeymoon is Over
1992 Septiembre Nicaragua
Nicaragua, part of a region commonly used as a US foreign policy proving ground, is now part of a new test: following the disintegration of the Soviet...

Wearing Down and Tearing Down
1992 Septiembre Guatemala
The phrase that describes Guatemala these days is "wearing down." In 18 months of "governing," the Jorge Serrano administration has been unable to achieve...

The FMLN from Within: Ideological Diversity, Political Unity
1992 Agosto El Salvador
In this interview conducted in El Salvador on April 24, Gerson Martínez, member of the Political Commission of the FMLN, discusses the future structure...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
1992 Agosto Nicaragua
NEW LEGISLATION: A CRIME TO BE GAY In mid-June, the National Assembly approved penal code reforms that, among other things, would make homosexuality...

The $100 Million Poker Game
1992 Agosto Nicaragua
When the news broke in late May that powerful sectors in Congress were urging a freeze on the $100 million in aid scheduled for disbursement that month,...

Three Years of Arena Presidency
1992 Agosto El Salvador
On June 1, Alfredo Cristiani marked three years in his presidential term, having presided over two fundamental achievements for his country: the peace...

Peasant and Worker Struggles at a Crossroads: 3. The Urban Movement: Out from Under the FSLN’s Wing
1992 Julio Nicaragua
During the Sandinista administration, the union movement reached organizational levels previously unknown in Nicaragua. Nonetheless, the top-down relationship...

Peasant and Worker Struggles at a Crossroads: 1. Omens of a Rural Blow-Up
1992 Julio Nicaragua
For the umpteenth time in the past two years, the country's stability and the government's capacity to exercise control over society without using repression...

The Views of René Núñez
1992 Julio Nicaragua
For years, Rene Núñez was considered the unofficial tenth member of the FSLN's nine-man National Directorate. Brother of Carlos Núñez, who died in...

Peasant and Worker Struggles at a Crossroads: 2. Talking with a Recompa
1992 Julio Nicaragua
Leonel Martínez (nom de guerre "William") shares the typical timidity and simplicity of Nicaragua's peasants. These qualities, combined with his young...

At a Snail's Pace
1992 Julio El Salvador
Amidst errors, the right's unwillingness, the left's justified distrust and even an assassination attempt, the Salvadoran peace process continues very...

Taking Sides in the Playoffs
1992 Julio Nicaragua
The generalized social outburst feared and predicted by the Sandinistas and pooh-poohed by the government finally happened in early May. It came in...

Undermining Opposition to Structural Adjustment
1992 Julio Honduras
Since the March 1990 issuance of Decree 18-90, comprising the neoliberal measures now a part of all Latin America's economic reality, Honduran President...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
1992 Julio Nicaragua
RAAN BLOCKS TOXIC RECYCLING PLANTS The Regional Council in the North Atlantic Autonomous Region (RAAN), following multiple negotiations that...

The FSLN-Government Balancing Act
1992 Junio Nicaragua
April, always one of Nicaragua's most sweltering months, had several unusual hot points this year. Just before Easter the health minister declared a...

A New Kind of Development—Or a New Face on the Old?
1992 Junio Guatemala
With the international United Nations Conference on the Environment and Development (UNCED) just around the bend, it seems appropriate to take a close...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
1992 Junio Nicaragua
NATIONAL ASSEMBLY "REVISITED" Last month we left Minister of the Presidency Antonio Lacayo sputtering with anger outside the National Assembly....

The FMLN Taking Risks to Win
1992 Junio El Salvador
Once the Salvadoran peace accords began being put into effect, the big game in town for accord watchers became tallying non-compliances and calendar...

The “Revueltos”: Just the Tip of the Iceberg
1992 Junio Nicaragua
In recent weeks, thousands of "revueltos" have taken over farms, villages and cities and blocked roads and highways throughout the country. The...

The State Dismantled
1992 Mayo Panamá
Two years after the US invasion of Panama called "Operation Just Cause," President Guillermo Endara's government has become a subjugated, weakened and...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
1992 Mayo Nicaragua
OFF WITH THE TRUCE! On March 10, Lucio Jiménez, secretary general of the Sandinista Workers' Confederation (CST), declared an end to last year's...

Demilitarization and Other Challenges
1992 Mayo Honduras
The Honduran military, considered the main US regional ally in the last decade, has now become, as US Ambassador to Honduras Crescencio Arcos said recently,...

Land and Military to Center Stage
1992 Mayo El Salvador
If the Chapultepec accords did not imply profound transformations in El Salvador's traditional power structure, there would be no obstacles to their...

The Foreign Debt: Lengthening the Chain?
1992 Abril Nicaragua
Late last year, the Nicaraguan government emerged from debt negotiations with 16 capitalist nations, known as the Paris Club, cheering victory and a...

Maze of the General; Maze of the Left
1992 Abril Nicaragua
In mid-January, the army awarded a medal to the military attaché of one of the many embassies in Managua upon terminating his tour of duty. This practice,...

After El Salvador, is Guatemala Next?
1992 Marzo Guatemala
After only a year in power, Guatemala's second civilian government, inherited from the weakened Vinicio Cerezo presidency, has become so debilitated...

The End of Fear
1992 Marzo El Salvador
In the course of activities by the FMLN High Command after their remarkable open return to the country, one event was the laying of flowers at the...

Central America’s Left, Right and “Center”
1992 Marzo Centroamérica
The dizzying changes in Eastern Europe and the disintegration of the Soviet Union have politically ushered in the 21st century a decade early. Some...

The Economic Plan’s Feet of Clay
1992 Marzo Nicaragua
In our first analysis of the Lacayo Plan, the central issue was whether the Nicaraguan economy, both rural and urban, would find itself at a dead end...

The Possibility That Top Officers Ordered the Crimes
1992 Enero El Salvador
Continuing our coverage of the outcome of the Jesuit case in El Salvador, which began last month with a report from the Institute of Human Rights...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
1992 Enero Nicaragua
CONTRACEPTIVES IN SHORT SUPPLY Nicaraguan gynecologists and health educators recently sounded the alarm when the country's health centers suspended...

César Jérez: “The Hope of the Poor Will Never Perish”
1992 Enero Nicaragua
My term as rector of the UCA ends on December 1st. I've always been opposed to reelections and if I've done my "patriotic military service" for six...

Cuba: A Country Without
1992 Enero Cuba
On the streets of Havana and other cities of Cuba, there are lines everywhere: For milk (you have to take your own bottle). For what's in from the...

“Ours is a Civic Struggle, But...”
1992 Enero Nicaragua
In later retrospectives about the multiple changes Nicaragua is undergoing, November 9 will be remembered as one of the important reference points. ...

Second Autonomy Symposium: A Big Push Forward
1991 Diciembre Nicaragua
Nicaragua's second international autonomy symposium, held November 4-7, was not a typical conference, drowning in academic papers, with insufficient...

The Jesuit Case: Still Plagued by Questions
1991 Diciembre El Salvador
November 16 marked two years since the massacre at the Central American University (UCA) in San Salvador. The legal phase, including a three-day public...

The Environment: Saving Nicaragua's Soils
1991 Diciembre Nicaragua
Due to deforestation and inappropriate agricultural practices, Nicaragua's best soils have been massively flushing into its two bordering oceans for...

Immovable Object Meets Irresistible Force
1991 Diciembre Nicaragua
In a political variant of the old song recalled in the title, pressing immediate issues crossed paths with structural limitations in October to throw...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
1991 Diciembre Nicaragua
DRUGS AND DOLLARS Since Violeta Chamorro's inauguration, the lifting of the US trade embargo and the freeing up of many import tariffs has brought...

The Economic Plan’s Feet of Clay
1991 Diciembre Nicaragua
In our first analysis of the Lacayo Plan, the central issue was whether the Nicaraguan economy, both rural and urban, would find itself at a dead end...

Privatization: Left, Right and Center
1991 Noviembre Nicaragua
Privatization has become a key element of the Chamorro government's economic program. In interviews with envío, Gilberto Cuadra, president of...

Salvadoran Peace Accords
1991 Noviembre El Salvador
On September 25, the government of El Salvador and the Farabundo Martí National Liberation Front (FMLN) signed a major agreement in New York that...

Cubans Still Keep Bluefields Alive
1991 Noviembre Nicaragua
As Tomás Linton Barrera came up the steps of the two-story white house on Bluefields' main street, he was speaking Creole English to the pregnant woman...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
1991 Noviembre Nicaragua
PROPERTY LAW COMPROMISE UNDER DEBATEPresident Chamorro surprised the National Assembly on October 1 by sending a message from Paris to withdraw...

US Aid: Not Even a Cheap Lunch
1991 Noviembre Nicaragua
Two interlinked events in September demonstrated in no uncertain terms the political price the Chamorro government has had to pay for US assistance in...

Just the Facts A Poor Country, Part II*
1991 Noviembre Nicaragua
There are five indicators of unmet basic needs: inadequate housing, overcrowding, insufficient services, low education levels and high economic dependence....

An Ecological SOS in Latin America*
1991 Noviembre América Latina
One year before the 500th anniversary of the "encounter" between two worlds and two natural systems, and only a few years before the end of the 20th...

Scholarship Students Slip Through the Cracks
1991 Octubre Nicaragua
When Iván Hernández left Nicaragua in 1983 to study foreign relations in the Soviet Union, he was one of the country's best and brightest. A good student...

Behind the Birth of the Recontras
1991 Octubre Nicaragua
"It's not true that [the FSLN] lost the peasants; we never had them." —Daniel Ortega Saavedra to FSLN Departmental Congress, June 13, 1991,...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
1991 Octubre Nicaragua
ENERGY CRISIS HITS HARDA prolonged drought in northern Nicaragua, coupled with increasing demands for energy, have forced INE, Nicaragua's state-run...

Just the Facts: A Poor Country, Part I*
1991 Octubre Nicaragua
In 1985, 63.5% of Nicaraguan households and 69.4% of its population were defined as poor, 22.7% of them living in a state of poverty and 16.1% in a state...

Reconciliation and Stability: Still an Unreachable Dream
1991 Octubre Nicaragua
Urban property fights, rural violence, an ever more painful economic pinch for the poor, internecine fights within UNO played out between the government...

The Last Word
1991 Septiembre Nicaragua
We reprint below the "last words" from the FSLN National Congress, that is, condensed extracts of the closing speeches by General Humberto Ortega, head...

The FSLN National Congress
1991 Septiembre Nicaragua
1. Statistics on the 501 Elected Delegates 2. Statistics on the 98 Elected Sandinista Assembly Members. 3. New Ethics and Honor Commission 4. International...

The Sandinista Congress: Rich, Controversial, Inconclusive
1991 Septiembre Nicaragua
Over the July 19 weekend, the Sandinista National Liberation Front held its first national party congress in thirty years of existence. That alone made...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
1991 Septiembre Nicaragua
FLOODS DEVASTATE RAMALess than three years after Hurricane Joan devastated Bluefields and Rama, the population in Rama and nearby river communities...

Inside the Property Debate
1991 Agosto Nicaragua
In a concerted effort to reverse the revolution's agrarian reform, rightwing sectors have managed to thoroughly confuse the real issues around Nicaragua's...

The Right Wing's Third Try for Power
1991 Agosto Nicaragua
Carlos Salgado, a bright young analyst on the late-night radio news program "Sin Fronteras," mused one night toward the end of June that "the...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
1991 Agosto Nicaragua
SANDINISTAS SWEEP STUDENT ELECTIONSContrary to rightwing hopes, university students across Nicaragua handed a decisive victory to the Sandinista...

AIDS in Nicaragua
1991 Julio Nicaragua
Ten years ago, on June 5, 1981, the Center for Disease Control in Atlanta published a short report on an unusual outbreak of a strain of pneumonia among...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
1991 Julio Nicaragua
THE CONTRA WAR, PART IIOne year after the last of the US-backed contra forces were disarmed as part of the demobilization and repatriation...

The FSLN's Dilemma--Stability at What Cost?
1991 Julio Nicaragua
May 22 marked the last day of the truce regarding strikes and salary demands that the National Workers' Federation (FNT) had agreed to in March. The...

AID/FISE: Solving the Unemployment Problem?
1991 Julio Nicaragua
The Emergency Social Investment Fund (FISE) has been celebrated in the pro-government press as the solution to Nicaragua's unemployment problems. While...

One Year of Coast Autonomy: Little to Celebrate
1991 Julio Nicaragua
May 4, 1991 should have been treated as an historic milestone in Nicaragua, deserving of fanfare and celebration. It even merited a foreign journalist...

Solidarismo: Anti-Unionism in Sheep's Clothing
1991 Junio Centroamérica
"Solidarismo seeks to co-opt, neutralize and dominate the working class, but in a persuasive and consensual manner, not through open coercion. And...

Daniel Ortega: "Everything Depends on Our Ability to Fight Back"
1991 Junio Nicaragua
envío: During the early months of 1991, there seemed to be great confusion among the Sandinista rank and file and a lack of guidance from the...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
1991 Junio Nicaragua
GUNFIRE SETS OFF MUD-SLINGINGJust after midnight on Saturday April 27, a gunman hidden in a moving Toyota Land Cruiser set off a round of automatic-rifle...

US Demands Devaluation--Of the FSLN
1991 Junio Nicaragua
Although Daniel Ortega visited Washington several times during the first months of the revolution, and was even received in the White House by President...

Bankers and Masses Square Off: Economic Overhaul, Social Breakdown?
1991 Mayo Nicaragua
Only a year after being elected, Violeta Chamorro's government is losing the confidence of Nicaragua's main political and social actors, rich as well...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
1991 Mayo Nicaragua
FIRES RAVAGE NORTHERN FORESTSForest fires raging through Nicaragua's northern Atlantic Coast region have consumed more than 123,000 acres of...

Rural Workers Fight to Become Owners
1991 Mayo Nicaragua
Shortly before the UNO government moved to woo international lending agencies by implementing economic "shock" measures, it started making good on its...

Development that Destroys*
1991 Mayo Nicaragua
By the late 1980s, general concern over the future of the world's environment and natural resources had risen to such a degree that it entered the vocabulary...

How to Get Foreign Aid: Making the Poor Pay Isn’t Enough
1991 Mayo Nicaragua
For the third time in nine months, the Chamorro government went before the international lending agencies—most importantly, the powerful International...

Insurrection from the Right
1991 Marzo Nicaragua
With its November uprising in Region V, Nicaragua's right wing demonstrated its ability to unite forces and pressure the government to the point of virtual...

UNO's Court-Packing Plan
1991 Marzo Nicaragua
In the three years between the adoption of Nicaragua's new Constitution and Violeta Chamorro's election, the opposition constantly called for the freshly...

Privatization to the Workers— Issues and Actions
1991 Marzo Nicaragua
Privatization of state enterprises has been a cornerstone of UNO's economic program dating back to the pre-election period. It is also a key element...

A Year of UNO Economic Policies: The Rich Get Richer…
1991 Marzo Nicaragua
Last year was characterized by a resurgence of the hyperinflation that had been partially controlled in 1989 and by a new drop in the Gross Domestic...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
1991 Marzo Nicaragua
THE GULF WAR AND NICARAGUAThe day after the US began bombing Iraq, Minister of the Presidency Antonio Lacayo tried to calm an anxious population...

Personal Accounts
1991 Marzo Nicaragua
With this issue, envío inaugurates a new column featuring personal accounts that address some of the most pressing issues in Nicaragua today....

Nicaragua: Ten Years of Independent Foreign Policy
1991 Enero Nicaragua
Though the current Nicaraguan government is allied with the United States, it cannot, after 10 years of a nationalist and anti-imperialist revolution...

Rebellion in the Ranks: Challenge from the Right
1991 Enero Nicaragua
This month's analysis focuses on the conflict between two major sectors in the country: those interested in concertation and those who reject it. As...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
1991 Enero Nicaragua
MURAL MADNESSDuring ten years of revolution, Managua's bleak landscape was graced with colorful murals on walls and buildings. Latin American...

Concertation and Counter-Concertation
1991 Enero Nicaragua
With the October 26 signing of the economic agreement or "concertation" between the Nicaraguan government and the country's various social sectors, Minister...

SI Leader's Murder Remains Unsolved
1990 Diciembre El Salvador
The January 1990 murder of Hector Oquelí, deputy general secretary of El Salvador's National Revolutionary Movement (MNR) and secretary of the Socialist...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
1990 Diciembre Nicaragua
REGION V CHALLENGES VIOLETAAs we go to press, former contras and UNO mayors in Region V (Boaco-Chontales) have taken over the road from...

The International Limits of Concertation
1990 Diciembre Nicaragua
While Nicaragua was engrossed in its highly charged and polarized electoral campaign, the rest of the world was undergoing a radical and rapid transformation....

National Dialogue: Stalemate or Truce?
1990 Diciembre Nicaragua
After dominating the headlines for over a month, the national dialogue between workers, producers and the government known as concertation dropped out...

El Salvador: CHRONOLOGY
1990 Diciembre El Salvador
November 198911- At 8:00 pm the FMLN launches its most powerful military offensive in San Salvador and other cities in 10 years of war. Within...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
1990 Noviembre Nicaragua
ANOTHER ATTACK ON FREEDOM OF SPEECHOn the night of September 30, the two transmitters of one of Nicaragua's most popular radio stations were...

FMLN Proclamation to the Nation: The Democratic Revolution
1990 Noviembre Nicaragua
1. Poverty and injustice have increased; the revolution is necessary! Social injustice and poverty have taken an ever-deeper hold on our country...

Waslala: Anatomy of a Conflict
1990 Noviembre Nicaragua
For three days at the beginning of October, the town of Waslala on the agricultural frontier 95 miles northeast of Managua teetered on the brink of anarchy....

Who Will Conquer the Chaos?
1990 Noviembre Nicaragua
In the new phase ushered in with the February elections, the central question facing Nicaragua has been whether the bourgeoisie would be able to roll...

The UNO Economic Plan: Is There a Popular Alternative?
1990 Noviembre Nicaragua
The official concertation forum was called to order before live television coverage on September 20. The UNO government's economic team and representatives...

Workers Redefine Privatization
1990 Noviembre Nicaragua
The National Workers' Front (FNT), the recently-formed umbrella organization of six pro-FSLN union federations, decided to initiate a period of escalating...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
1990 Octubre Nicaragua
DISABLED DEMAND THEIR RIGHTS On the first of every month, bank lines extend for blocks as the elderly line up to receive their monthly pensions....

Polarization and Depolarization
1990 Octubre Nicaragua
“The Sandinistas are finished. There are tensions inside the army. The FSLN is divided between the hotheads who don’t understand the defeat, who...

Health Minister Under Fire
1990 Octubre Nicaragua
The far Right within UNO has begun a campaign to remove the President’s health minister, Dr. Ernesto Salmerón. Since the transfer of government, Salmerón...

Harvest of Misery
1990 Octubre Nicaragua
When Nicaraguans went to the polls on February 25, many voted their pocketbooks and stomachs, hoping that a government friendly to the US would translate...

On Concertation: From Left to Right
1990 Octubre Nicaragua
Unless otherwise noted, the following statements are selected excerpts from a debate on concertation sponsored by the National Autonomous University...

Education: UNO Goes To School
1990 Octubre Nicaragua
“Everything [in the Sandinistas' educational objectives] is applicable except the revolutionary part,” said UNO education minister Sofonías Cisneros...

Land Conflicts: Godoy Backers Seize Cooperatives
1990 Agosto Nicaragua
A rutted dirt road leads to the farm, one of many in La Concha, an intensely cultivated area south of Managua. Several men watch suspiciously as newcomers...

FSLN Discussion Papers
1990 Agosto Nicaragua
Resolutions of the FSLN Assembly at El Crucero, June 16-17, 1990 In mid-June, the FSLN held a national assembly in the town of El Crucero...

After 100 Days: Still Three Roads Ahead
1990 Agosto Nicaragua
The Sandinista Front, in solidarity with the Nicaraguan people who are being victimized by neo-Somocismo, calls on all Sandinista party members, affiliates,...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
1990 Agosto Nicaragua
FROM A NATION OF POETS TO BOOK-BURNERSOn July 4, in what may or may not have been intended as a back-handed celebration of US Independence Day,...

Media: TV Tales
1990 Agosto Nicaragua
In less than three months of government, Violeta Chamorro's administration has already illegally closed a media outlet. “Extravisión,” a contracted...

Atlantic Coast: Only a Slight Seam
1990 Agosto Nicaragua
Following the October 1988 hurricane that flattened the Atlantic Coast city of Bluefields, an emergency commission made up of Sandinista government officials...

Antonio Lacayo. Takes the Stand
1990 Agosto Nicaragua
The following are extracts of an interview with Minister of the Presidency Antonio Lacayo on the state television program “Democracia en Marcha,” July...

UNO Politics: Thunder on the Right
1990 Agosto Nicaragua
“Dr. Godoy, are you in the government?” a Time reporter asked Vice President Virgilio Godoy in an August 1 Managua press conference. It was a...

After 100 Days: Same Economic Script, New Lead Actors
1990 Agosto Nicaragua
In its first hundred days, President Violeta Chamorro's administration racked up a major success and a major failure. Its success was to demobilize...

Media Moves
1990 Julio Nicaragua
In the rocky transition from the Sandinista government to the new UNO one, the electronic media have been among the more visible arenas of struggle....

The Economy: Help on the Way?
1990 Julio Nicaragua
“The dollars are here,” declared Central Bank Minister Francisco Mayorga, patting his briefcase as he returned in early June from a special meeting of...

Just the Facts: COSEP & CO. and CORDENIC
1990 Julio Nicaragua
SUPREME COUNCIIL OF PRIVATE ENTERPRISE (COSEP): Founded in 1978 as a coordinating body for diverse business associations, replacing COSIP,...

Closer to the US... and to God?
1990 Julio Nicaragua
More than once, the name of the “Blessed Virgin” has been invoked in the service of God” was founded in the mid-1970’s, and has its origins in the charismatic...

From Military to Social Confrontation
1990 Julio Nicaragua
The UNO government is using its honeymoon period to try to confuse the opposition. First, it gives signs of peaceful coexistence, such as expediting...

Two Faces of UNO
1990 Julio Nicaragua
Since the UNO coalition came to power two event-packed months ago, views on what the new government actually represents have swung widely. During the...

The War Ends—Where is Peace?
1990 Julio Nicaragua
"Have you seen the main strewr of town?” exclaimed one international worker about El Almendro, the biggest contra security zone. “It's like something...

Contra Accords
1990 Junio Nicaragua
In this issue, envío has compiled and unofficially translated the texts of the last four accords signed by the contras: the May 30 Accord just signed,...

UNO's Balance of Power—On a Tight Rope
1990 Junio Nicaragua
The internal workings and struggles of UNO are a labyrinth of political interests, ideological differences and personal rivalries. At times, the different...

The New Players*
1990 Junio Nicaragua
The new government Cabinet members were not announced until April 24, one day before Violeta Chamorro took power, and two of those post changed hands...

Playing with Fire
1990 Junio Nicaragua
Note to our readers: The day this issue of envío went to press, the Chamorro government signed a sweeping agreement with the counterrevolutionary...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
1990 Junio Nicaragua
VACCINATION CAMPAIGN DRAGGINGOne of the early marks of the Sandinista revolution was the successful distribution of vaccines throughout the...

Municipal Autonomy in Nicaragua
1990 Junio Nicaragua
With the February 25 elections, Nicaragua launched a new phase of government. Municipal Councils were elected in 131 municipalities (a unit that includes...

Yatama Takes the Cake
1990 Junio Nicaragua
Two months after the multiethnic population of the two Atlantic Coast regions elected their first autonomous governments, envío attended the inauguration...

The Last Word - Tomás Borge
1990 Junio Nicaragua
As a service to our readers, envío prints below excerpts from a speech given given on May 24 by Tomás Borge, Comandante of the Revolution,...

Forcing Negotiation
1990 Mayo El Salvador
Only a year ago the Duarte government, the army and the United States refused an FMLN proposal to postpone elections for six months to create more democratic...

On the Verge of Peace, or Civil War?
1990 Mayo Nicaragua
President Daniel Ortega turned over the presidential sash to Nicaragua's new president, Violeta Barrios de Chamorro, on April 25, 1990, as promised....

Neoliberalism Unopposed
1990 Mayo Honduras
After a year laced with costly and festive electoral campaigning, Hondurans elected Rafael Leonardo Callejas as their new President in November. Callejas,...

Showcase for Democracy and Economic Reformism?
1990 Mayo Costa Rica
Despite other, more earth-shaking events in the world in 1989, Costa Ricans' attention was on the country's election campaign during most of the year....

Challenges to the Military Model
1990 Mayo Guatemala
Three visions of the development of society are competing in Guatemala, as we examined in envío’s 1989 Central America issue: the “state stability”...

Whither Central America? Coopted Negotiation or Participatory Democracy?
1990 Mayo Centroamérica
Central America is in suspended animation after the avalanche of events in recent months. They rolled down on us one after the other: in El Salvador,...

The Monroe Doctrine and the End of Torrijismo
1990 Mayo Panamá
Your majesty, in your vision you saw standing before you a giant statue, bright and shining, and terrifying to look at. Its head was made of the...

Low Intensity War and Revolutionary Maneuvering
1990 Mayo Nicaragua
The US “low-intensity war” and its disastrous economic results dominate as the root cause in interpretations of the Sandinista's electoral defeat in...

Final Reflections
1990 Mayo Centroamérica
Within the next few months the direction El Salvador and Nicaragua take out of their current crossroads will be known; it will define their dynamic for...

“Strengthening the Revolutionary Process”
1990 Marzo Nicaragua
Concession Statement by President Daniel Ortega Saavedra, February 26, 1990* ________________________________________________ *Original English...

Election Data
1990 Marzo Nicaragua
Total registered voters - 1,752,088 Abstention - 241,250 or 13.7%' President/Vice President Total valid ballots - 1,420,544 Total votes...

National Reconciliation of the Nicaraguan Family
1990 Marzo Nicaragua
Acceptance Statement by President-elect Violeta Barrios de Chamorro February 27, 1990 Brother and Sister Nicaraguans, Compatriots: We Nicaraguans...

The University is Shaped by the Revolution
1990 Marzo Nicaragua
Rector César Jérez, S.J., Central American University (UCA), Inaugural Address 1990 Session March 14,1990 I do not think it is pretentious...

Atlantic Coast: What Fate Autonomy?
1990 Marzo Nicaragua
While the whole world briefly turned its attention to Nicaragua’s presidential elections, an unprecedented electoral race in this country’s Caribbean...

Governing From Below
1990 Marzo Nicaragua
Speech by President Daniel Ortega Saavedra, February 27,1990 Nonaligned Plaza, Managua* __________________________________________ *Original...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
1990 Marzo Nicaragua
NATIONAL ASSEMBLY ACTIVE DURING TRANSITION PERIODWhile the FSLN and UNO transition teams are negotiating the crucial national issues of the...

After the Poll Wars—Explaining the Upset
1990 Marzo Nicaragua
Numerous theories are being tossed about among pollsters, political theoreticians and confounded laypeople alike in an attempt to explain the large discrepancy...

Grassroots Power: Defending the Revolution
1990 Marzo Nicaragua
Two days after the elections, Daniel Ortega told supporters that, though the FSLN would no longer hold the reins of government, his party would go on...

A Vote for Peace—Will It Come?
1990 Marzo Nicaragua
As president of the Nicaraguan people and as a Sandinista leader, I take pride—and all Sandinista militants can take pride—in the greatest victory,...

The FMLN Offensive—Search for a Negotiated Solution
1990 Febrero El Salvador
Is an offensive of the caliber of the one begun on November 11 by the FMLN, El Salvador's guerrilla movement, merely an expression of militarism or an...

Nicaragua's Poll Wars
1990 Febrero Nicaragua
In recent months, national and international organizations have unleashed a rash of public opinion surveys in an attempt to predict the outcome of Nicaragua's...

Just the Facts: US Military Interventions
1990 Febrero Internacional
The US population has a strong self-image of charity toward those "less fortunate," both at home and abroad. Many, as a result, cannot comprehend the...

FSLN Scoreboard—Esquipulas 1:4, Elections 3:2
1990 Febrero Nicaragua
As the 1980s came to an end, the United States made clear that it has no intention of abandoning its option to use military force in the Central American...

FMLN Proposals for Negotiating a Just and Lasting Peace in El Salvador
1990 Enero El Salvador
On September 13-15, 1989, in Mexico City, leaders of the Farabundo Martí Front for National Liberation met for the first time with representatives of...

Challenging Machismo in the Barrios
1990 Enero Nicaragua
On a Thursday afternoon, the women overflow the small building which houses the March 8 Women's Center in one of Managua's poor neighborhoods, or barrios,...

Negotiations and Elections: The Only Road to Peace
1990 Enero Nicaragua
In October, the Bush Administration renewed the US embargo against Nicaragua and got congressional approval for $9 million to assist the most reactionary...

Nicaragua's 1984 Elections—A History Worth the Retelling
1990 Enero Nicaragua
These elections have followed a liberal model, but within a revolutionary process. Perhaps the biggest success was the number of votes received by...

Nicaraguan Elections Bibliography as of December 1989
1990 Enero Nicaragua
To help those writing or giving talks about the Nicaraguan elections, the following materials on the electoral process and related issues are available...

’Tis the season for debate
1990 Enero Nicaragua
With the electoral campaign now in full swing, it is hard to assert with a straight face that no adequate forum exists for the opposition—although some...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
1989 Diciembre Nicaragua
AIR TRAGEDY CUTS ACROSS POLITICAL LINESOn October 21, the worst air crash in Central American history occurred when a SAHSA plane crashed in...

Election Watch: Opposing the Sandinistas the "Civic" Way
1989 Diciembre Nicaragua
Vía Cívica—“Your voice is heard, your vote decides"—calls itself a patriotic, civic, non-partisan get out the vote organization, yet it is closely tied...

The Fight Against Inflation: A Challenge for the Months Ahead
1989 Diciembre Nicaragua
After three months of holding under 10%, inflation crept slightly over the government's one-digit goal in October, at 10.2%. The combination of economic...

Just the Facts
1989 Diciembre Nicaragua
Nicaragua’s voter registration took place during the first four Sundays of October. Despite certain areas where contra activity prevented registration...

Lifting the Cease-fire to End the War
1989 Diciembre Nicaragua
"If the United States would redirect the money currently going to finance the contra forces to the United Nations so it could be used for the...

Ideologies in Conflict: Platforms of Four Nicaraguan Parties
1989 Diciembre Nicaragua
Nicaraguan voters face a daunting array of parties and presidential candidates in the coming elections; three far left parties, four center parties,...

Idologies in Conflict: Platforms of Four Nicaraguan Political Parties
1989 Diciembre Nicaragua
Platform Areas CONSOLIDATION: SANDINISTA NATIONAL LIBERATION FRONT (FSLN) Party History and General Politics 1979 triumph...

Human Rights: Americas Watch Cites "Mixed Results…"
1989 Diciembre Nicaragua
Right-wingers in Washington are already using the most recent Americas Watch (AW) report on human rights violations in Nicaragua to oppose the plan to...

Revolution Seeks Foreign Investors
1989 Noviembre Nicaragua
As part of its search for resources to confront the economic crisis, Nicaragua has launched a campaign to attract foreign investment. But, unlike the...

Voter Registration Proceeds Smoothly
1989 Noviembre Nicaragua
With two of four registration days completed as we go to press, the civic process in Nicaragua proceeds as scheduled. For the first four Sundays in...

Just The Facts: The 1990 Elections
1989 Noviembre Nicaragua
Presidential and Vice presidential candidates registered with the Supreme Electoral Council (listed alphabetically by party) FSLN (Sandinista...

Institutionalizing Autonomy
1989 Noviembre Nicaragua
“[This autonomy law] is not a law for all time; it will have to be improved, grow, discover new horizons.... “We must...fight the bearers of racial...

Prison Inspections End Numbers Speculation
1989 Noviembre Nicaragua
A recent census of Nicaragua's prisons has helped dispel the aura of mystery that opposition groups have tried to create concerning the number of political...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
1989 Noviembre Nicaragua
CATHOLIC CHURCH CALLS FOR VOTE In a pastoral letter dated September 24, the Nicaraguan Bishops' Conference made a clear call for Nicaraguans...

The Electoral Process Gears Up
1989 Noviembre Nicaragua
The electoral process currently underway in Nicaragua is the path that could well lead the country to the "firm and lasting peace" that first seemed...

The Nicaraguan Environment.... A Legacy of Destruction
1989 Noviembre Nicaragua
The Esquipulas process has been concerned not only with problems of war and peace in Central America, but also with the region's ecological problems....

El Salvador: Transition to ARENA
1989 Octubre El Salvador
As mid-September approached, Mexico City was making last-minute preparations to host the first talks between delegates of El Salvador's recently elected...

Navigating the Electoral Map
1989 Octubre Nicaragua
The election of presidential and vice presidential candidates for the opposition parties—as much those in the center as on the far left and right—has...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
1989 Octubre Nicaragua
LEARNING NEVER STOPSAugust 23 marked the ninth anniversary of the completion of Nicaragua's Literacy Crusade. The 1980 campaign taught 400,000...

Ushering in Autonomy
1989 Octubre Nicaragua
As the rest of Nicaragua blinks in the glare of the international spotlights so shamelessly searching for flaws in its electoral process, the Atlantic...

Setting Up to Vote
1989 Octubre Nicaragua
August 25 marked the official opening day of the Nicaraguan electoral campaign. The opposition parties began their 30 minutes per day of television...

Two Voices from the Private Sector
1989 Octubre Nicaragua
Interviews with Gilberto Cuadra and Gladys Bolt At the beginning of 1989, the Nicaraguan government launched both a new phase of the economic...

Just the Facts: The 1984 Elections
1989 Septiembre Nicaragua
In looking at the Nicaraguan elections scheduled for February 1990, it is useful to recall a few facts about the November 1984 elections, in which the...

Agreements and Accords: Nicaragua and Honduras
1989 Septiembre Nicaragua
Bilateral Accord Between Nicaragua and Honduras Unofficial Translation The President of the Republic of Honduras, José Azcona Hoyo and the...

Political Agreement (Unofficial Translation)
1989 Septiembre Nicaragua
On August 3 and 4, 1989, the President of the Republic of Nicaragua, Commander of the Revolution Daniel Ortega Saavedra, and representatives of legally...

Between Religión and Revolution...
1989 Septiembre Nicaragua
As Nicaraguans from all sectors of society celebrated ten years of revolution this July, the religious community was no exception. Christians added...

Tela Agreement (Unofficial Translation)
1989 Septiembre Nicaragua
The Central American Presidents, meeting in the port city of Tela in the Republic of Honduras on August 5, 6 and 7, 1989, Taking into consideration...

Rebuilding the Río Coco: An Odyssey
1989 Septiembre Nicaragua
When the first truckloads of displaced Miskito Indian families pulled into Waspán, on the Río Coco, in mid-1985, they hardly paused to contemplate the...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
1989 Septiembre Nicaragua
SPOTLIGHT ON YOUNG WOMEN All young men in Nicaragua sooner or later pass through the ranks of the Sandinista army as they fulfill their two-year...

After Esquipulas II and Sapoá: What Happens Next?
1989 Septiembre Nicaragua
Two events occurred in the first week of August that, without exaggeration, can be termed historical. They are easily as important as were Esquipulas...

Government/Opposition Accords Prepare Terrain for Elections
1989 Septiembre Nicaragua
At the close of a marathon National Dialogue, the Nicaraguan government and the opposition political parties signed a crucial series of agreements dealing...

CDS: Revolution in the Barrio
1989 Septiembre Nicaragua
"If we want a Community Center on this lot, we have to cut down the weeds first. Who'll join me on Sunday at 7:00 am? I'll bring the pinol drink,...

Nicaragua: Four More Years of War?
1989 Agosto Nicaragua
As Nicaragua heads into its election period and moves to open real political space in the country, the Bush Administration has responded with full-scale...

To Boycott or Not to Boycott?
1989 Agosto Nicaragua
With Nicaragua's elections still more than seven months away and the campaign itself not yet officially kicked off, the process has already captured...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
1989 Agosto Nicaragua
THE WAR THAT NEVER ENDSContra activity in the Nicaraguan countryside mounted as the Sandinista revolution celebrated its tenth anniversary....

A Setback to Reforms
1989 Agosto Nicaragua
"The prices went through the roof again," said a young woman doing her weekly shopping in Managua's Roberto Huembes market. "I thought it was finally...

Backward or Forward?
1989 Agosto Nicaragua
—Members of the Subtiava indigenous community in León, Nicaragua, sue in court for the return of a 700-acre private farm that they claim as part of their...

Just The Facts: The NED* Dollars: 1987-1989
1989 Agosto Internacional
Cuadro 1 – 1987 Cuadro 2 – 1988 Cuadro 3 – 1989 ...

Judicial System Demands Larger Budget
1989 Agosto Nicaragua
On May 15, Dr. Rodrigo Reyes, president of Nicaragua's Supreme Court, opened a two-day conference for 100 of the nation's judges on "the independence...

The Last Word
1989 Agosto Nicaragua
Over these ten years I’ve seen that little by little Sandino’s ideals are being fulfilled, that the revolution is doing all it can to benefit the majority...

And the People Rose Up; Testimonies of the Insurrection in Masaya
1989 Julio Nicaragua
On the tenth anniversary of the Nicaraguan revolution, we invite you to look back at the bravery, sacrifice and pure stubbornness that led the Nicaraguan...

Just the Facts: Political Parties in Nicaragua
1989 Julio Nicaragua
Here, for use in making sense of the upcoming electoral campaigning in Nicaragua, is a scorecard of the 21 legally recognized parties as of June 1989,...

Students Test Electoral Waters
1989 Julio Nicaragua
Nicaraguans were given a preview of the upcoming February 1990 general elections on the nation's college campuses on May 17 and 18. In what has been...

Regional Commission Studies Nicaragua
1989 Julio Nicaragua
Human rights and democracy in Nicaragua and other Central American countries have been reviewed at two recent meetings of a regional human rights organization....

Opposition: Alphabet Soup
1989 Julio Nicaragua
Nine new parties joined the existing twelve when the National Council of Political Parties and the Supreme Electoral Council ruled on requests for legal...

Teachers’ Strike: US Fans Flames of Discontent
1989 Julio Nicaragua
On May 25 the Nicaraguan government expelled two US diplomats, accusing them of collaborating with the opposition to promote destabilizing actions....

The Last Word: On the Expulsion of US Diplomats
1989 Julio Internacional
“The diplomat in question [Kathleen Barmon] has publicly said in effect that all the unions affiliated with the United Federation of Honduran Workers...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
1989 Julio Nicaragua
HUMANITARIAN AID, INHUMAN RESULTSDespite the signing of Central American accords in February stipulating the demobilization of the US-funded...

Nicaragua or the United States—The Electoral Dilemma
1989 Julio Nicaragua
In early June, the Bush Administration announced that it intends to conduct secret intelligence operations aimed at influencing the Nicaraguan elections...

Spaceship Earth
1989 Julio Internacional
"We are living in a phase in which we have to renew our thinking daily to be able to renew life on earth. First and foremost, we need to keep nature's...

Nicaragua's New Media Law: Freedom and Social Responsibility
1989 Julio Nicaragua
"This [media law] is technically superior to earlier laws. It broadens journalistic practice, and grants rights that did not exist before." —Edwin...

Jinotega's Miskitos and Sumus: Little Noted Victims of the Contra War
1989 Junio Nicaragua
Cándida Cardenales, who guesses she is about 80 years old, is a Sumu Indian from Nicaragua. She grew up along the Río Coco in the northern province...

Making the Economy Our Own: Interviews with UNAG Leaders
1989 Junio Nicaragua
The National Union of Farmers and Cattle Ranchers (UNAG) is one of the strongest and most outspoken organizations in the country. Including nearly 125,000...

Inflation Drops, Planting Begins
1989 Junio Nicaragua
May is planting time in Nicaragua, and the government has been doing all it can to ensure that as much planting as possible takes place. With the unstable...

The Last Word
1989 Junio América Latina
In the following statement the Latin American nations known as the Group of Eight, minus Panama, meeting in Rio de Janeiro, make known their concern...

Nicaragua's Electoral Process—The New Name for the War
1989 Junio Nicaragua
Since the Esquipulas IV accords were signed at the Central American summit meeting in El Salvador in mid-February, the Nicaraguan government has dedicated...

News of Contras' Death Greatly Exaggerated
1989 Junio Nicaragua
Interview with Lieutenant Colonel Ricardo Wheelock Román The US press conveys the impression that the contras are dead and their...

Setting the Rules of the Game Nicaragua's Reformed Electoral Law
1989 Junio Nicaragua
"Objectively speaking, the electoral law can be called absurdly democratic, because it establishes rules of the game which are not only clean and honest,...

Just the Facts: 1989 The War Continues
1989 Junio Nicaragua
##1989-8-95-06-03-1-en## ##1989-8-95-06-03-2-en##...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
1989 Junio Nicaragua
CASA BENJAMIN LINDERApril 28 marked the official opening of an "alternative US Embassy" in Managua, the Casa Benjamin Linder. The project is...

An End to the Cold War?
1989 Mayo Estados Unidos
The Reagan Administration's attempt to depict the Soviet Union and its allies as "the evil empire" lost credibility as Mikhail Gorbachev pursued new...

Conclusion Negotiations: A Revolutionary Tool
1989 Mayo Centroamérica
Why was 1988 a year of movement towards a negotiated end to the Central American conflicts? There are five key factors: 1) The growing Central American...

Time to Negotiate
1989 Mayo El Salvador
Although the civil war continued to be the single most determining factor of life in El Salvador, the electoral process (only indirectly related to the...

Negotiations Held Hostage
1989 Mayo Guatemala
Three models in vontentionThree development models are contending for leadership of Guatemala's sociopolitical and economic process. 1....

Just the Facts – on Central America
1989 Mayo Centroamérica
##1989-8-94-05-03-1-en## ##1989-8-94-05-03-2-en##...

In the Negotiating Mode
1989 Mayo Centroamérica
As Soviet peace initiatives lead the way out of the cold war era, a series of regional conflicts are coming to a negotiated end. It is difficult to...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
1989 Mayo Nicaragua
MORE CONTRA AIDIn an unusual bipartisan move, President Bush reached an agreement with Congress to provide the contras with nonmilitary...

From a Mixed-up Economy Toward a Socialist Mixed Economy
1989 Mayo Nicaragua
Where is Nicaragua headed? The government's call early this year for concertation—forging a working national unity—in the economic arena has sparked...

EEC Applauds Central American Initiative
1989 Abril Internacional
While the US government has enforced an economic embargo against Nicaragua since 1985, the European Economic Community (EEC) has continued to give aid...

Human Rights: A Pardon for Peace
1989 Abril Nicaragua
February 27 was a very difficult day in the life of President Ortega. He presented a bill to the National Assembly proposing a pardon for 1,932 former...

Costa Rican Follies
1989 Abril Costa Rica
As the Oliver North trial in Washington revealed details of Costa Rica's covert role in the contra war, corruption and drug scandals at high levels...

US Policy: Economic Embargo: The War Goes On
1989 Abril Estados Unidos
US Secretary of State James Baker told congressional representatives on March 2 that the Bush Administration may offer to lift the nearly four-year-old...

Just the Facts: Chronology of Key Events in the Atlantic Coast, 1979-89
1989 Abril Nicaragua
1979Nov: Formation of Misurasata (Miskitos, Sumus, Ramas, Sandinistas Working Together) as a mass indigenous organization 1980:Feb:...

La Prensa Continues To Amaze Us
1989 Abril Nicaragua
Americas Watch described it in a 1988 report as "outstripping what can be found in the sensational weeklies at supermarket check-out counters in the...

Peace Accords: On Track or Derailed?
1989 Abril Nicaragua
Just one month after the Esquipulas IV accords were signed at the recent presidential summit in San Salvador, Nicaragua has moved to fulfill its part...

Economic Reforms: Taking Effect?
1989 Abril Nicaragua
"Sale: 2 pieces, 4,000 córdobas," reads the sign in the Tip-Top Fried Chicken restaurant in Managua's Centroamérica shopping center. Prices coming...

From Separatism to Autonomy—Ten Years on the Atlantic Coast
1989 Abril Nicaragua
"It has come to our attention that a gross misrepresentation has been made to you by the Spanish authorities, showing that we Indians have already...

FMLN Proposal to Turn the Elections into a Contribution to Peace
1989 Abril El Salvador
The General Command of the Farabundo Martí National Liberation Front (FMLN) takes into account: 1. That the last five elections have not resolved...

Atlantic Coast: Pearl Lagoon: Back from war and winds
1989 Marzo Nicaragua
Trailing up to 50 logs behind them, boats pull up daily now to the beached iron barge that acts as a dock in the Creole community of Pearl Lagoon. The...

Human Rights: Opposition Rights Group Continues Attack
1989 Marzo Nicaragua
The Permanent Commission on Human Rights (CPDH), headed up by Lino Hernández and directed by some of the leading political opposition figures in Nicaragua,...

Poll of Youth in Managua: Strong Believers, Diverging Directions
1989 Marzo Nicaragua
How religious are Managua’s young people? Have revolutionary changes, tensions within the Catholic Church or conflict between sectors of the Catholic...

Joint Declaration of the Central American Presidents
1989 Marzo Centroamérica
The Presidents of El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua and Costa Rica, meeting in the province of La Paz in the Republic of El Salvador on February...

Just The Facts
1989 Marzo Nicaragua
##1989-8-92-03-02-1-en## ##1989-8-92-03-02-2-en## ##1989-8-92-03-02-3-en## ...

Breakthrough For Peace
1989 Marzo Nicaragua
The five Central American Presidents signed an accord in an advance towards peace on February 14 that could prove as dramatic and significant as the...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
1989 Marzo Nicaragua
CANAL THROUGH NICARAGUA: AN ANCIENT DREAM REVIVEDThe Nicaraguan government announced officially on February 10 that it was in communication...

Health: Taking AIDS Seriously
1989 Marzo Nicaragua
Located in the eastern half of the city, Bello Horizonte is one of Managua's traditional working-class neighborhoods, the site of frequent combats during...

Just The Facts
1989 Febrero Nicaragua
##1989-8-91-02-03-1-en## ##1989-8-91-02-03-2-en##...

There Is Nowhere Else Quite Like Managua
1989 Febrero Nicaragua
There are motifs for almost every city in the world, widely known features that capture something of the essence of the community—the Eiffel Tower and...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
1989 Febrero Nicaragua
OUR BODIES: WHOSE LAWS?Abortion, long a taboo subject in Nicaragua, has become the focus of an increasingly heated debate. In early January...

Arias Beats Around the Bush
1989 Febrero Nicaragua
The Central American presidential summit known as Esquipulas IV, scheduled for January 14-15, was cancelled for the fourth time since August 1988. In...

Managua: The View From The Mayor’s Office
1989 Febrero Nicaragua
Managua is home to one third of the Nicaraguan people, and growing. It’s also one of the revolution’s most difficult problem children, chaotic and growing,...

Human Rights: Three Critiques of Contra Human Rights Agency
1989 Enero Nicaragua
Six months ago contra leader Enrique Bermúdez offered this candid prediction: “The fight will take another configuration… We will see more sabotage,...

Continue the Low-Intensity Conflict Or Go for Total War?
1989 Enero El Salvador
With the Reagan era winding down and the Bush presidency yet to gell, events in El Salvador are moving forward at a frantic pace that could well have...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
1989 Enero Nicaragua
SUCCESSES IN SPUDSIf one goal of this year's economic measures was to make production more efficient and cut down on costly imports, peasant...

The Last Word
1989 Enero Nicaragua
“Bush’s victory is good for the opposition,” said Ramiro Gurdián, head of the opposition group, the Coordinadora Demócratica. “This keeps alive...

Just the Facts: Damage Figures From Hurricane Joan
1989 Enero Nicaragua
Facts at a Glance - 2100 km of roads suffered heavy damage. - 36 bridges were rendered unusable - Total damage to agricultural infrastructure...

Waging Peace
1989 Enero Centroamérica
The Central American peace plan has dropped out of the news these days, pushed to back pages by more startling developments in the Middle East, Angola,...

Blown Away—Hurricane Joan Puts Nicaragua at Risk
1988 Diciembre Nicaragua
Hurricane Joan's passage westward across Nicaragua is a story of extremes. Joan built up strength as it moved across the Caribbean Sea until it came...

In the Hurricane’s Wake
1988 Diciembre Nicaragua
In the days after Hurricane Joan swept through Nicaragua, leaving an unprecedented trail of destruction, Nicaraguans began to pick up the pieces. "How...

More on the economy—And More Needs to Be Done
1988 Noviembre Nicaragua
On September 30th the córdoba was devalued by 78% and the prices of imported fuels went up by a comparable amount, leading to price increases across...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
1988 Noviembre Nicaragua
ANOTHER INTERNATIONAL ROLE FOR NICARAGUAThe World Interparliamentary Union elected Nicaragua to its Executive Committee during its 80th conference...

A New Electoral Law—For a Stronger Opposition
1988 Noviembre Nicaragua
As President Reagan pursued more aid for the counterrevolution in August, Nicaragua's legislative body was busy pursuing the democratic goals of the...

Nicaragua Tries Peace Moves While Waiting for US Voters
1988 Noviembre Nicaragua
While the US Congress voted more contra aid, the contras continued attacking civilian and military targets and the Honduran army repeatedly...

The Law in Nicaragua—Seeing Justice Done
1988 Septiembre Nicaragua
This article by US lawyer Jerry Pyle won second prize in envío’s First Annual Writers' Contest. —envío Editors Such constant charges...

On Hold for the US voter
1988 Septiembre Nicaragua
After the flurry of provocative events in Nicaragua in July, August was relatively uneventful. Only relatively, as there was significant movement in...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
1988 Agosto Nicaragua
KENIA BACK ON HER FEETKenia Rodríguez is back on her feet, although they are her second pair. The 8-year-old lost both legs above the knees...

The New Economic Package—Will a Popular Model Emerge?
1988 Agosto Nicaragua
PART 1 THE JUNE ECONOMIC MEASURES: A PACKAGE WITHOUT PEOPLE Thousands of Nicaraguans filled the baseball stadium in the central cattle town...

Nicaragua Draws the Line
1988 Agosto Nicaragua
Little time remains for the Reagan Administration to destroy the Nicaraguan revolution. While Esquipulas II and Sapoá have somewhat manacled the administration's...

Peace Recedes—Contra Militarists Dominate
1988 Julio Nicaragua
For the past seven years, the government of Nicaragua has sought a dialogue with the US government, convinced that if an accord could be reached with...

The War Disabled –Wounds Still to Heal
1988 Julio Nicaragua
Chepe Concepción is thin as a pencil. He pushes his stiff right leg along ahead of him with the help of a pair of crutches. He lost part of his knee,...

Road Ends at El Rama: A Case Study of the War
1988 Junio Nicaragua
“It seems to me that with Sapoá or without it, this is going to be the corner where the last contras put up their final fight. This little place...

Peace Stalls in Managua—Goes Backward in Region
1988 Junio Nicaragua
In last month's analysis, we made some guesses about the options open to the Nicaraguan counterrevolution in light of the commitments they had made in...

Building a Housing Policy from the Ground Up
1988 Junio Nicaragua
A quick tour around Managua, Nicaragua's capital city of nearly a million residents, takes one through working class neighborhoods that still bear signs...

Nicaragua Briefs
1988 Mayo Nicaragua
Say Water, Say Life!Redundancy may be in store for the most recent status symbol of Managua’s middle class—the concrete water tank on stilts....

Women, Poetry, New Nicaraguan Culture
1988 Mayo Nicaragua
At least two phenomena distinguish the Nicaraguan revolution: massive Christian participation and the importance attributed to the cultural dimension. With...

Sapoá—A New Benchmark
1988 Mayo Nicaragua
With the signing of the Sapoá accords, peace in the near future seemed possible. But now, after several more rounds, the negotiations between the Nicaraguan...

The Atlantic Coast—Peace Has Taken Hold
1988 Mayo Nicaragua
“At a time when the talk of peace is universal, one of the only places where it is a reality is also the most unlikely. This is where the war began…....

Sapoá: Will Peace Last?
1988 Abril Nicaragua
Through a complex, speeded-up process initiated by the signing of the Central American peace accords in August 1987, possibilities have opened up for...

Nora Astorga In Her Own Words
1988 Abril Nicaragua
Nora Astorga died in Managua on February 14, a victim of cancer. Of middle-class extraction, a Somocista Liberal Party family and Christian upbringing,...

Economic Reform: Taking It to the Streets
1988 Abril Nicaragua
Ten years after the anti-Somocista insurrections of 1978, Nicaragua has begun what could become an economic insurrection with a truly grassroots quality. Economic...

Between Dignity and Submission
1988 Marzo Centroamérica
Three factors shaped Costa Rica's year in 1987: the Esquipulas peace process and the related awarding of the Nobel Peace Prize to President Oscar Arias;...

Modernization and Militarism
1988 Marzo Centroamérica
The centerpiece of the Guatemalan situation two years ago was the new civilian government's attempt to rebuild the state, in which the social forces...

Introduction
1988 Marzo Centroamérica
In 1987, an event of such importance took place in Central America that, for the first time since 1979, we can speak of a fundamental change in the regional...

Steps on the Road to Peace
1988 Marzo Centroamérica
The unequal confrontation between the Sandinista revolution and the Reagan Administration has had two distinct periods. From 1981 to 1984, the US government...

Military Solution in Crisis
1988 Marzo Centroamérica
Events in El Salvador in 1987 are divided into two phases by the Central American peace accords of Esquipulas II. The first was marked by the continued...

Conclusions: Whither Central America
1988 Marzo Centroamérica
Based on the previous country analyses, it is clear that Esquipulas II, while exerting an influence on all the Central American countries, has done so...

Dependence and the Military
1988 Marzo Centroamérica
To no one's surprise, the focal point of Honduras in 1987 again had a more geopolitical than national character; the position of the Honduran government...

Joint Declaration By The Presidents Of Central America
1988 Febrero Centroamérica
The Presidents have received the conclusions of the report by the International Verification and Follow-up Commission, prepared according to Number 11...

Conclusions of the CIVS Report on Compliance
1988 Febrero Centroamérica
Documents (unofficial translations) (Conclusions) 1. The International Commission on Verification and Follow-up of the Guatemala Procedure has noted...

Revolutionizing Health- A study in Complexity
1988 Febrero Nicaragua
It is often said in Nicaragua that the revolution's health care system has not only fallen into crisis but that its model was unrealistic from the outset....

The War after Esquipulas III—In Check but not Checkmate
1988 Febrero Nicaragua
The confrontation between little Nicaragua and Ronald Reagan’s imperial policies is entering its eighth and final year. What Nicaragua has been defending...

Energy in Nicaragua: The Problems and the Prospects
1988 Enero Nicaragua
Frequent power outages, contra sabotage against electrical plants and towers, gas rationing and periodic long lines at gas stations, technical...

Reagan & Co. Mine the Road to Peace
1988 Enero Nicaragua
With the deadline established in the Esquipulas II accords approaching and preparations for Esquipulas III—a meeting of the Central American Presidents...

Sandinista Unions Take Stock
1988 Enero Nicaragua
The fifth National Assembly of Unions was convoked in Managua December 12-13 by the Sandinista Workers Federation (CST), made up of the largest unions...

Cease – fire Talks Contras After Power Not Peace
1987 Diciembre Nicaragua
The Esquipulas II peace accords have been a profoundly important step along the road to peace in Nicaragua. Since they were signed, questions have arisen...

Becoming Visible Women in Nicaragua
1987 Diciembre Nicaragua
It has been called the "second revolution" and the "revolution within the revolution." In the last two decades, revolutionary movements throughout the...

Church-State Relations A Chronology – Part II
1987 Diciembre Nicaragua
This month we conclude the chronology of Church-State relations begun in the November issue. We will focus here on the main events that took place between...

FSLN Statement on the Peace Process
1987 Noviembre Nicaragua
The following message of the FSLN National Directorate, delivered by the vice coordinator of the National Directorate’s executive commission, Comandante...

The Atlantic Coast Testing Ground for Peace
1987 Noviembre Nicaragua
Exactly two years ago, we wrote in these pages that the Atlantic Coast was "on the razor's edge." In December 1984, Nicaragua's newly elected government...

Contra Decline Continues: Will Peace Follow?
1987 Noviembre Nicaragua
Immediately following the August 6-7 Central American peace negotiations in Guatemala, the Nicaraguan government set forth on a program of strict compliance...

Church-State Relations A Chronology – Part I
1987 Noviembre Nicaragua
Over two years have passed since envío published its last chronology on the Church in Nicaragua (No. 50, August 1985). Since that time, there...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
1987 Octubre Nicaragua
"MISSION OF PEACE"The 300-passenger boat "Mission of Peace" recently began transporting passengers between the coastal city of Bluefields and...

In from the Cold: An Ex-Contras Speaks
1987 Octubre Nicaragua
"In Honduras, they're saying that the Sandinistas drew and quartered me. But here I am: alive, OK. The amnesty program's guarantees are real." These...

Human Rights Nicaragua's Record
1987 Octubre Nicaragua
The subject of human rights in Nicaragua is as important as it is poorly dealt with in terms of information and analysis. This deficiency results not...

“De Cara al Pueblo”: Fourteen Questions for the Sandinistas
1987 Septiembre Nicaragua
"De Cara al Pueblo" (Face the People) has become one of the traditions of the Nicaraguan revolution. Every week since the very beginning of the...

Dole-Ortega Exchange: A Lesson in Sovereignty
1987 Septiembre Nicaragua
On the way to Costa Rica from Honduras, a delegation of five Republican senators stopped in Nicaragua for the afternoon of August 31. They arrived at...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
1987 Junio Nicaragua
GREENPEACEThe first Central American conference on Environmental Action took place in Managua in mid-May, marking the first time that issues...

Rural Workers Confront the Economic Crisis
1987 Mayo Nicaragua
Nicaragua’s agrarian structure, traditionally geared to export crops—coffee, cotton, sugar—that require seasonal labor, created a great number of agricultural...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS: In Memory of Those Who Died So That the Bells No Longer Toll in Nicaragua
1987 Mayo Nicaragua
Text of remarks by President Daniel Ortega during the funeral service for Benjamin Ernest Linder in Matagalpa, Nicaragua on April 30, 1987. Elizabeth,...

Mental Health Care: Towards a New Vision
1987 Mayo Nicaragua
Lock up a normal and sane person (if you find one, please let me know! But anyway, let's just say a person who's within the range of what we call normal,...

Nicaragua Wages Peace, Reagan Steps Up War
1987 Mayo Nicaragua
The political trends discussed in March's envío were confirmed by April's events. Despite his increasing isolation, Ronald Reagan has not swayed...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
1987 Abril Nicaragua
BREAD WITH DIGNITYThe Indian freighter M.V. Bharantendu of the Shipping Corporation of India arrived in the port of San Juan del Sur carrying...

Private Enterprise: Alive and Kicking in Nicaragua
1987 Abril Nicaragua
Notwithstanding the intense propaganda campaign abroad claiming the contrary, private enterprise has not disappeared in Nicaragua. To give an accounting...

Players in Motion as Reagan Defends His Goal
1987 Abril Nicaragua
Beginning in May, 50,000 US troops will conduct maneuvers in Honduras just as the counterrevolution is implementing certain tactical changes, hoping...

Plan 87: Economic Realism and Political Tensions
1987 Abril Nicaragua
At the beginning of 1987 Nicaragua's daily newspapers published the general lines of the 1987 National Economic Plan as laid out in speeches by the nation's...

Players Test New Positions in the Contragate Board Game
1987 Febrero Nicaragua
January was particularly rich in relevant events. It was like a board game in which all players involved in the scandal in any way had moved into position...

The Contras: Chronicle of a Defeat Foretold
1987 Febrero Nicaragua
"The US strategy proposed the overthrow of the revolutionary government in a relatively short period via a military front with the mercenary forces....

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
1987 Enero Nicaragua
NO ENTRANCE FOR ENVÍOJosé Comás, Central American correspondent for the Madrid daily El País, was denied entrance to Honduras...

Trail of US Illegality Ends at Contragate
1986 Diciembre Nicaragua
November has been a terrible month for the White House. For Nicaragua, the international scandal caused by the secret arms sale to Iran and the transfer...

Managua’s Economic Crisis—How Do the Poor Survive?
1986 Diciembre Nicaragua
The portrait of Nicaragua painted by much of the international media relies on stereotypical features, among them these: Nicaragua is a country polarized...

Nicaragua Briefs
1986 Diciembre Nicaragua
NICARAGUA VS. STANDARD FRUIT Nicaragua is bringing a $35 million lawsuit against Standard Fruit Company. This unprecedented move is based...

Radio “Contacto 6-20”—A Hot Line for Criticism
1986 Diciembre Nicaragua
"Look sir, I live in the Omar Torrijos barrio. It happens that we've only gotten milk here once, you know? So I'd like to ask MICOIN* what's going...

Political Parties View Constitutional Debate
1986 Noviembre Nicaragua
In long, daily sessions starting on September 16, the seven political parties in Nicaragua's National Assembly have been debating the country's new draft...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
1986 Noviembre Nicaragua
BENEFITS TO "CACHORROS" Vice President Sergio Ramírez announced on October 24 that all demobilized "cachorros" (men and women...

Appendix: Key Constitutional Articles Approved
1986 Noviembre Nicaragua
TITLE I FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES CHAPTER I INDEPENDENCE AND SOVEREIGNTY OF THE HOMELAND Art. 1: Independence, sovereignty and self-determination...

Hasenfus: Nothing But the Fact
1986 Noviembre Nicaragua
"My name is Eugene Hasenfus. I come from Marinette, Wisconsin. I was captured yesterday in southern Nicaragua." The press was not permitted any questions...

NICARAGUA BRIEFS
1986 Octubre Nicaragua
EDUCATION AWARDLast month, UNESCO gave Nicaragua special recognition for its continuing achievements since the l980 National Literacy Crusade,...

Río San Juan: Territory Free of Landless Peasants
1986 Octubre Nicaragua
On October 13, 1986, the department of Río San Juan was declared "territory free of landless peasants." It is the first region in Nicaragua—or the rest...

Slow Motion Toward a Survival Economy
1986 Septiembre Nicaragua
"Today, after seven years of revolution, Nicaragua's economic order is passing through its most critical period," concluded the August 27 communiqué...

La Prensa: Post-Mortem on a Suicide
1986 Agosto Nicaragua
US Congressional debate on the $100 million contra war appropriation was in full swing last April when Jaime Chamorro, editor of the Nicaraguan...

Town Hall Forums: Another Step toward a Constitution
1986 Agosto Nicaragua
"My children shed their blood for the liberation of Nicaragua, and when they fell in battle there was a gaping hole inside me and the fire in my heart...

From Estelí to New York: A Call to Conscience
1986 Agosto Nicaragua
"...We would like to be speaking of the aggression in the past tense, dedicating this moment to speak of production, to speak of education, of health;...

Congress Votes for War
1986 Julio Nicaragua
To any reasonable observer it appeared that the moment was ripe for a negotiated solution to the Nicaraguan situation. The military defeat of the counterrevolution...

World Court Sides with Justice
1986 Julio Nicaragua
On June 27, 1986, the International Court of Justice at The Hague delivered its judgment on the merits in the case concerning "Military and Paramilitary...

A Disarming Proposal
1986 Junio Nicaragua
"We want to help Central America put an end to its costly arms race and will support any verifiable and reciprocal agreement regarding the non-importation...

Internationalists Caught in the War
1986 Junio Internacional
"The internationalists. Some may consider them simply tourists. I don't know how they are looked upon in official US circles. Reagan calls them 'terrorists.'...

The Politics of Human Rights Reporting on Nicaragua
1986 Junio Nicaragua
The justifications for US intervention in Latin America have not changed in over a century. From the Mexican War of 1846-48 to the invasion of Grenada,...

Miskitus on the Río Coco Whose Political Football Are They?
1986 Mayo Nicaragua
"Before, we lived well, ate fish," mourned the kuka (Miskitu for elderly woman), to journalists at an impromptu community assembly in Leimus in...

Congress Is Forced to Recognize Contadora
1986 Mayo Nicaragua
Coordinates of the current situation Nicaragua's perplexing current situation continues to be characterized by three factors, analyzed in previous...

New Government Faces Old Dilema
1986 Abril Honduras
While the short period of time since the January 27, 1986 inauguration of José Azcona de Hoyo as Honduras' President makes it difficult to assess the...

The Church of the Poor in Nicaragua
1986 Abril Nicaragua
IntroductionThis article offers information and shares an analysis about the Church of the Poor in Nicaragua. The reflections presented here...

The Image War Gives Way to Real Defeat
1986 Abril Nicaragua
As this issue of envío went to press, the Contadora and Support Group countries were meeting in Panama both to reaffirm their basic points of...

Nicaragua’s Universities in Transition
1986 Marzo Nicaragua
On January 10, 1812, by decree of the court of Cadiz, the Seminary of San Ramon, (Tridentine College), which had been founded in the city of Leon, Nicaragua,...

New Initiatives in Contadora and the Economy
1986 Marzo Nicaragua
Toward the end of 1985, Nicaragua refused to go any further down the spiral leading to the failure of the Contadora initiative. It demanded that the...

The Sumu Indians of Nicaragua’s Atlantic Coast—Defining Our Own Reality
1986 Marzo Nicaragua
“The rights of autonomy of the indigenous peoples and communities of the Atlantic Coast will be exercised in the geographic area that they have traditionally...

The Military Factor
1986 Febrero Centroamérica
The military conflict has shown itself more and more to be a direct clash between the new historic subject and the United States. The push from armed...

The Political Factor
1986 Febrero Centroamérica
Central America today is characterized by the tension between the social forces that are willing to subordinate themselves to US policy, which defines...

The Cultural-Ideological Factor
1986 Febrero Centroamérica
The Central American crisis comes at a moment in which there’s an effort to redefine the world from the perspective of US domination. The New Right...

Conclusion
1986 Febrero Centroamérica
Tendencies: 1) US intransigence will increase and the war will be prolonged. The defeats dealt to the contras by the Sandinista Popular...

The International Factor: Coexistence or prolonged conflict?
1986 Febrero Centroamérica
The Sandinistas’ “Patria Libre o Morir” is none other than the famous cry, “Give me liberty or give me death,” from Patrick Henry’s March 23, 1775, speech...

The Economic Factor
1986 Febrero Centroamérica
Central America is going through an economic crisis of unprecedented dimensions. The real per-capita income has fallen to 1972 levels for Guatemala...

SPECIAL ISSUE ON CENTRAL AMERICA – Preface
1986 Febrero Centroamérica
In terms of social theory, we have called the crucial concept used in this work the “new Central American historic subject.” We interpret this new collective...

Contadora’s Last Stumbling Block: The US Role
1985 Diciembre Nicaragua
As was predicted in various “Chronicles of a Crisis Foretold,” the final draft of the Contadora peace treaty was not signed on November 20, as scheduled....

US “War Games” in Central America: What’s Behind the Strategy?
1985 Diciembre Nicaragua
With as little advance publicity as possible, the United States has been carrying out a complex series of military maneuvers in Central America since...

Nicaragua Says No to Treaty Changes
1985 Diciembre Nicaragua
A brief but revealing drama was played out for the United Nations General Assembly by the Contadora and Central American countries in late November,...

Towards a New Constitution
1985 Noviembre Nicaragua
When the broadening of the state of emergency in Nicaragua was announced on October 15, one of the first concerns was the fate of the constitutional...

Behind the State of Emergency
1985 Noviembre Nicaragua
On October 15 the government of Nicaragua announced that the state of emergency, in effect since 1982 but significantly reduced in July 1984, when the...

Nicaragua Takes Its Case Abroad
1985 Octubre Nicaragua
Nicaragua’s denunciations of US terrorism have been heard this month in the world’s most prestigious forums, focusing renewed attention on the Central...

A Survival Economy
1985 Octubre Nicaragua
“Depressed economic conditions in Nicaragua were, of course, due to disastrous economic policies adopted by the Sandinistas and not to any actions by...

The Atlantic Coast: War or Peace?
1985 Octubre Nicaragua
Nicaragua’s Atlantic Coast stands poised on the razor’s edge. On one side beckons a negotiated settlement of the three-year-old war, an autonomous regional...

The Economic Costs of the Contra War: Nicaragua’s Case Before the World Court
1985 Septiembre Nicaragua
On September 12, the International Court of Justice at The Hague will begin to hear the accusations presented by Nicaragua against the United States....

Both Sides Up the Ante
1985 Septiembre Nicaragua
In the most recent US government statements concerning Nicaragua one can discern a shift in the “image war,” and a speeding up of the contra war....

The Nicaraguan Peasantry Gives New Direction to Agrarian Reform
1985 Septiembre Nicaragua
On June 14, the Ministry of Agrarian Reform and Agricultural Development announced to thousands of peasant farmers in Masaya that the northern part of...

Two Historic Letters by Cardinal Arns
1985 Agosto Nicaragua
In Defense of Nicaragua and On Latin America’s Foreign Debt Crisis On Sunday, July 28, Bishop Pedro Casaldáliga, of San Felix de Araguaya...

Two Models of Church: Chronology of the Catholic Church in Nicaragua
1985 Agosto Nicaragua
August 84 - July 85. In envío #38 (August 1984), we presented an update of the important events involving the Catholic Church in Nicaragua. That...

Latin America Raises its Voice Against Terrorism
1985 Agosto Nicaragua
The happening this month in Nicaragua was the celebration on July 19 of the sixth anniversary of the Sandinista revolution, amid ever more menacing threats...

Nicaraguan Foreign Minister Fasts for Peace: An Interview with Father Miguel D’Escoto
1985 Julio Nicaragua
Nicaragua is celebrating the sixth anniversary of its revolution at a particularly difficult moment. Enormous resources have been channeled to military...

Green Light to Terrorism
1985 Julio Nicaragua
May was characterized by Nicaragua’s political-diplomatic successes following the announcement of the US trade embargo. International support, which...

New Successes, Higher Stakes
1985 Junio Nicaragua
“We cannot permit these communists to succeed,” said President Reagan on May 24, in a speech to the National Association of Industrialists. This surly...

Peasant Resettlements: Protection or Pacification?
1985 Junio Nicaragua
“They [the Sandinistas] are using Stalin’s tactic of Gulag relocation for those who do not support their tyrannical regime.” (Ronald Reagan, speaking...

A New Challenge: A People’s Education in the Midst of Poverty
1985 Junio Nicaragua
“What I am calling for is a critical examination of our education system and teaching methods. We should review the contents of this system with the...

The Embargo: A Time for Solidarity
1985 Mayo Nicaragua
On April 4 President Reagan announced his Peace Plan for Nicaragua. An integral part of the plan was the "immediate release of $14 million" in aid to...

The National Assembly: First Steps Toward a New Political Model
1985 Mayo Nicaragua
One of the first tasks of the 96 National Assembly representatives elected on November 4, 1984, was to draft the National Assembly’s general statutes....

The Elections Reagan Would Like to Forget: An Analysis of the November 4 Election Results
1985 Abril Nicaragua
The “MIG crisis,” which began only two days after Nicaragua’s November 4 elections, banished the electoral results from the focus of worldwide public...

Alert in the Face of New Pressure
1985 Abril Nicaragua
"We're going to fight with all we've got against Nicaragua's Marxist Leninist government." This comment was made by Vice President George Bush in Honduras...

Autonomy for the Coast: A New Principle of the Revolution
1985 Marzo Nicaragua
On December 5, 1984, Nicaragua’s newly elected government announced its recognition of the historic claim of the Caribbean Coast for greater autonomy...

Abductions in the Countryside: A Counterrevolutionary Tactic
1985 Marzo Nicaragua
Over the last few years, almost every bit of Nicaraguan military information makes mention of the abductions carried out by the counterrevolutionaries....

Who is Going to Say Uncle? The Terms of the Conflict Become Clearer
1985 Marzo Nicaragua
On February 6, in his State of the Union Address, President Reagan initiated his administration’s recent series of verbal attacks on Nicaragua. This...

A New Government: Programs and Self-Critical Evaluation
1985 Febrero Nicaragua
“This is a different kind of power. It’s new, original, and revolutionary, and it has no ties with the past. This power is sovereign. With all of...

Striving for Peace and Curbing the War
1985 Febrero Nicaragua
On January 10, before delegates from 69 countries of the world, Daniel Ortega was inaugurated President of the Republic of Nicaragua. On January 9,...

The “Freedom” Fighters’ Dirty War: The Testimony of a US Nun
1985 Febrero Nicaragua
On January 8, counterrevolutionaries laid several ambushes near the town of San Juan de Limay, in the department of Estelí, killing 11 workers. The...

An Interview with Nicaragua’s Second Political Party
1985 Enero Nicaragua
An Interview with Nicaragua’s Second Political Party: The Democratic Conservative Party Leader The Democratic Conservative Party (PCD) received...

The Challenge of the Covert War
1985 Enero Nicaragua
On the morning of December 4, 200 members of the counterrevolutionary Nicaraguan Democratic Force (FDN) ambushed a truck that was transporting 33 volunteer...

Approaching a New Stage of the War
1984 Diciembre Nicaragua
On November 4 and 6, the two primary antagonists in the Central American conflict, the FSLN and the Reagan Administration, were electorally certified...

An Inside View of the Elections
1984 Diciembre Nicaragua
In March of 1984, Nicaragua’s Government junta appointed the members of the Supreme Electoral Council (CSE), which became the fourth branch of government....

The Challenge of Providing Supplies
1984 Diciembre Nicaragua
Achievements and Limitations in the Consumer Protection Law “There’s starvation in Nicaragua… Managua is a city of hunger and shortages, where people...

From the Elections to the State of Alert
1984 Noviembre Nicaragua
Nicaragua’s long-awaited election day and the massive voter turnout were major domestic and international victories, preceded by difficult times and...

Analysis of the Electoral Results
1984 Noviembre Nicaragua
On November 6, the day of the US elections, The Washington Post made public a “secret” and “sensitive” document prepared by the National Security...

The Final Stretch of the Electoral Process
1984 Noviembre Nicaragua
The two weeks prior to the elections were filled with intense political activity. Widespread political campaigning and public debates among all seven...

Approaching Elections: Successful Diplomacy and Continued Military Defense
1984 Octubre Nicaragua
In the last fifteen days, Nicaragua has achieved a series of victories on the political and diplomatic fronts. The most important of these, Nicaragua’s...

Costa Rica’s Battle Over Neutrality Follows Political Struggle
1984 Octubre Costa Rica
Costa Rica is more than just one of the five countries for which the Contadora group is attempting to achieve peace and stability. Bordering with Nicaragua,...

Nicaragua’s Political Parties in Two Months of Electoral Campaigning
1984 Octubre Nicaragua
This article reviews the first two months of the Nicaraguan electoral campaign, which will culminate in national elections on November 4, 1984. Observers...

The Contadora Negotiations: Expectation and Reality
1984 Septiembre Nicaragua
In the weeks leading up to the Contadora meeting of Central American deputy foreign ministers (August 25-28), the news media gave the impression that...

Nicaraguan Political Parties and Movements (Part II)
1984 Septiembre Nicaragua
Nicaragua’s political parties have been active in varying degrees since the Sandinista victory of July 1979, but, the country’s revolutionary changes...

Offensive against Nicaragua and its Elections: On the Way to Invasion?
1984 Septiembre Nicaragua
Escalating aggression against Nicaragua over the last month continues to be the focus of attention in this country’s national affairs. The direct participation...

The Catholic Church in Nicaragua: Break-off or Break-through?
1984 Agosto Nicaragua
In December 1983, envío published a chronology of the most important events to have transpired within the Nicaraguan Catholic Church since the...

Nicaragua’s Political Parties and Movements (Part I)
1984 Agosto Nicaragua
Seven political parties are competing in the elections to be held in Nicaragua this November 4: the Sandinista National Liberation Front (FSLN), Independent...

The Electoral Process Advances, But Abstention Encourages Intervention
1984 Agosto Nicaragua
The process leading to Nicaragua’s November 4 elections has picked up momentum in the last thirty days as the legal framework has been defined and the...

The Miskitus and the Atlantic Coast
1984 Julio Nicaragua
IntroductionNicaraguan will be celebrating the fifth anniversary of its revolution on July 19, 1984. This is therefore a good time to evaluate...

A Policy of Genocide?
1984 Julio Nicaragua
The Nicaraguan government is periodically accused of human rights violations in the Atlantic Coast. The most extreme accusation is that there is an...

The Miskitu Question in Nicaragua
1984 Julio Nicaragua
The Miskitus live in Nicaragua’s Atlantic Coast region and constitute a racial and cultural minority that has not been assimilated into the rest of...

A Divided People A Manipulated Banner?
1984 Julio Nicaragua
Increasing political and military tension on the Nicaraguan Atlantic Coast (especially northern Zelaya) in the last months of 1981 and January 1982 culminated...

Conclusion
1984 Julio Nicaragua
It was necessary to relocate Miskitus living along the banks of Nicaragua’s Río Coco: The Sandinista government based its actions on this hypothesis....

Concerning the Schlaefer Case
1984 Julio Nicaragua
The case of Salvador Schlaefer, Bishop of Nicaragua’s Atlantic Coast, has once again focused world attention on that part of the country, on the Miskitu...

Defense in All Spheres: Requisite for Survival
1984 Junio Nicaragua
The war against Nicaragua, in all its magnitude, was the main focus of attention this past month. This war is promoted and sustained by the US administration,...

The Atlantic Coast: A Policy of Genocide?
1984 Junio Nicaragua
The Nicaraguan government is periodically accused of human rights violations in the Atlantic Coast. The most extreme accusation is that there is an...

The Strategy of Symmetry: Negotiations and Dialogue in El Salvador and Nicaragua
1984 Junio Nicaragua
...

Nicaragua’s Labor Unions in the Face of Aggression
1984 Mayo Nicaragua
Aggression against Nicaragua has been intensified by a military circle composed of more than 8,000 counterrevolutionaries on the Honduran and Costa Rican...

Full-Scale Baffle against Destabilization
1984 Mayo Nicaragua
American presence in Central America and the Caribbean peaked during April with the launching of three overlapping military maneuvers: “Granadero I,”...

Honduras: Militarized and Denationalized
1984 Mayo Honduras
One of the most persistent accusations by the Reagan administration against Nicaragua can be summed up as “Nicaragua has become another Cuba.” From...

The Nicaraguan Family In A Time Of Transition
1984 Abril Nicaragua
Nicaraguan society is undergoing substantial changes that are reflected in new political structures, in new laws, and in new economic plans. These...

New Regional Question Marks, New Military Offensive, New push for Contadora
1984 Abril Nicaragua
In the last month Nicaragua experienced a new military aggression—one of the strongest to date. All things considered, this external offensive outweighed...

The Electoral Law: Another Step toward Institutionalizing the Revolution
1984 Abril Nicaragua
“On March 15, 1984, the Council of state approved the final text of the Electoral Law. On March 26, the Government Junta, the executive and co-legislative...

Another Facet of the War: Refugees and Displaced Persons in Central America
1984 Marzo Centroamérica
Where have they gone? How do they live? What is the significance of these waves of human beings surging across the borders of Central America that...

Electoral Process Moves Ahead Amid Difficulties
1984 Marzo Nicaragua
“The present law institutionalizes the right of the Nicaraguan people to elect their leaders in a free, secret, direct, and sovereign way. The Sandinista...

Sandino: The Chronology of our National Hero
1984 Marzo Nicaragua
Nicaragua's revolution took place, progresses and is understood not in terms of revolutionary theory, but rather from a historical perspective. This...

Between Kissinger and Contadora
1984 Febrero Nicaragua
News on Central America this month was dominated by two quite distinct efforts to deal with the regional situation. One was the Contadora process, which...

US Intervention and Elections in Nicaragua
1984 Febrero Nicaragua
In February 1984, the Electoral Commission of the Council of State will present its proposals for Nicaragua's upcoming national elections. Government...

Jalapa: A Symbol for All Nicaragua
1984 Febrero Nicaragua
Since March 1982, Jalapa has been the hottest war zone in Nicaragua. It has become a frequent point of reference in military reports and for solidarity...

Fighting With Burnings Hearts, Negotiating With Cool Heads
1983 Diciembre Nicaragua
On November 10, President Reagan’s itinerant ambassador for Central America, Richard Stone, said that the following three weeks would be “crucial” for...

The Catholic Church In Nicaragua And The Revolution: A Chronology
1983 Diciembre Nicaragua
The Nicaraguan Catholic Church has once again become a controversial topic after incidents in several Managua parishes on October 30 and the expulsion...

Appendix: Document Of Objectives Of The Contadora Group (September 1983)
1983 Diciembre Nicaragua
1) To reduce tensions and resolve regional conflicts, refraining from any act that might jeopardize political trust or tend to stand in the way of the...

A Prophetic Pastoral Letter and Massive Support for the Literacy Crusade
1983 Diciembre Nicaragua
On July 17, 1979, two days before the Sandinista triumph, Archbishop Obando was in Caracas, Venezuela, meeting with Venezuelan Christian Democrats and...

On The Threshold Of Invasion News Analysis From October 5 To November 5, 1983
1983 Noviembre Nicaragua
The possibility of a full-scale war in Nicaragua - with the participation of Central American and/or US troops - grew ever greater during the month of...

Coffe And Cotton: Heart Of The Economy, Symbol Of Determination
1983 Noviembre Nicaragua
“With coffee we can earn the foreign exchange we need to stand up to the enemy.” So says the radio ad used to recruit volunteers for this year’s...

Nicaragua's New Army: Fighting To Achieve Peace
1983 Octubre Nicaragua
One of the images which has been used most often outside the country to discredit the Nicaraguan revolution is that of Nicaragua's "increased military...

World Attention Shifts East: Tensions In Central America Persist
1983 Octubre Nicaragua
A recent Washington Post cartoon sums up certain elements of September's news analysis. A commuter reading his paper which is filled with headlines...

Young People In A Young Country: A Look At Nicaraguan Youth
1983 Octubre Nicaragua
Shortly after the triumph of the revolution, Ernesto Cardenal wrote a poem dedicated to the young people who died in the liberation war: “… 20,...

Food Supply: Nicaragua’s Daily Challenge
1983 Septiembre Nicaragua
"Sorry, we're all out," is a phrase one often hears these days in Managua and throughout Nicaragua. Some days it's eggs, or bread, or milk; at other...

Nicaragua Delineates Its Concept Of Defense
1983 Septiembre Nicaragua
The threat of war in Central America that we described last month still hangs over the region like Damocles' sword. However, in the last forty five days...

The Coup In Guatemala: First Impressions
1983 Septiembre Guatemala
On August 8, the commanders of Guatemala’s twenty-two military garrisons relieved of his duties the President of the Republic and Commander-in-Chief...

Honduras: From Banana Republic to U.S. Military garrison a Visit to Puerto Castilla's military center
1983 Agosto Honduras
If ever a Central American country merited the classification of "banana republic," that country is Honduras. The banana plantations on its Atlantic...

Agrarian Reform in El Salvador and Nicaragua Pacification or liberation?
1983 Agosto Nicaragua
Recently, the Reagan administration has tried to equate the critical situation in Nicaragua with that of El Salvador and the rest of Central America....

U.S. Military Exercises Threaten Central American Peace
1983 Agosto Nicaragua
The fourth anniversary of the Sandinista revolution was celebrated amid great joy and extreme tenseness. While the slogan for the day was “To the people…...

Women In Nicaragua: A Revolution Within A Revolution
1983 Julio Nicaragua
Nicaragua's culture has been influenced historically, socially, economically and religiously by women. In Nicaragua, the woman is a symbol: that of a...

Moving Toward War
1983 Julio Nicaragua
The current situation can be best understood if this month's news analysis of the political situation is broadened to include the region and events in...

Hermanos Martinez Cooperative: A Microcosm Of The Agrarian Reform
1983 Julio Nicaragua
Somoto is the last stop in Nicaragua on the Pan American highway before reaching Honduras. As the capital of Madriz, Somoto functioned as a way station...

RIO SAN JUAN: A CHALLENGE FOR THE REVOLUTION
1983 Junio Nicaragua
Rio San Juan, one of the most impoverished, sparsely populated and isolated regions in Nicaragua has become the scene of fighting in the last month....

ECONOMIC BALANCE FOR 1982
1983 Junio Nicaragua
Three series of events dramatically shaped 1982. First, there was an increase in the activities of the counterrevolution operating from Honduras. Second,...

ECONOMIC BALANCE FOR 1982
1983 Junio Nicaragua
Three series of events dramatically shaped 1982. First, there was an increase in the activities of the counterrevolution operating from Honduras. Second,...

NICARAGUA UNDER ATTACK: THE COSTS OF AN UNFAIR BATTLE
1983 Junio Nicaragua
NEWS ANALYSIS: MAY 5 JUNE 5, 1983. The clear delineation of three war fronts fighting against Nicaragua (the north, the north Atlantic and the south)...

THE HEALTH SITUATION IN REVOLUTIONARY NICARAGUA
1983 Mayo Nicaragua
In the nearly four years that have passed since the popular forces overthrew Anastasio Somoza, in July 1979, achievements in the area of health have...

POLITICAL PARTIES IN NICARAGUA AND THE NEW LAW
1983 Mayo Nicaragua
Almost four years after the triumph of the Revolution, political activity in Nicaragua is still a vibrant and viable force. To the more traditional...

NICARAGUA STRUGGLES TO AVOID REGIONAL WAR
1983 Mayo Nicaragua
NEWS AND ANALYSIS UPDATE: APRIL 5 MAY 6, 1983. In the face of a substantial increase in the level of both the rhetoric against Nicaragua and the military...

A U.S. POLICY THAT IS FAILING IN EL SALVADOR AND IS ATTACKING NICARAGUA
1983 Abril Nicaragua
NEWS AND ANALYSIS UPDATE: MARCH 5 APRIL 5. During the last month there was growing and open concern over increased activities by Somocista units inside...

THE NEW EDUCATION IN NICARAGUA: AN OPEN DEBATE
1983 Abril Nicaragua
A new society in a new Nicaragua requires the formation of new men and women. Fulfilling one of the basic aims of its 1979 Governmental Platform, the...

NICARAGUA: NO LONGER A SILENT INVASION
1983 Abril Nicaragua
In July of 1982, there was much talk of a "silent invasion" in Nicaragua. Heavy fighting occurred on the Atlantic Coast, and there were brutal attacks...

MASS ORGANIZATIONS AND ACTIVITIES
1983 Marzo Nicaragua
HOUSING LAW: The Sandinista Block Committees organized large assemblies and "Face the People" forums in which the Housing Law was amply discussed. GRASSROOTS...

OTHER EVENTS AND CONCLUSIONS
1983 Marzo Nicaragua
This outline has been limited to presenting only a partial list of actions taken by the Reagan Administration and events which occurred in Nicaragua...

NEW LAWS AND SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC MEASURES
1983 Marzo Nicaragua
HOUSING LAW: Still under study are amendments and changes to the draft of the Housing Law presented by the Housing Ministry on January 27. In...

OUTLINE OF EVENTS IN NICARAGUA BEFORE THE POPE'S VISIT
1983 Marzo Nicaragua
Much was said about Nicaragua on March 4 and on subsequent days. The Pope's visit created a journalists' bonanza which made it "profitable" to cover...

PROGRESS OF THE REVOLUTION A CHRONOLOGY OF THE NICARAGUAN REVOLUTION: JULY 1979 DECEMBER 1982
1983 Febrero Nicaragua
Several factors have contributed to our decision to present a detailed account of the progress of the Nicaraguan Revolution. An evaluation of the continuing...

WHERE IS CENTRAL AMERICA HEADED? (THE CONFRONTATION BETWEEN NICARAGUA AND THE UNITED STATES) SECOND AND CONCLUDING PART:
1983 Febrero Centroamérica
In March of 1982, the initial policy of the Republican administration for the region was defeated. Evidence of this can be seen in the following: the...

SUMMARY OF NICARAGUA'S POSITIONS TOWARD MAJOR WORLD ISSUES
1983 Enero Nicaragua
To give a picture of Nicaragua's position on various issues and countries, we give the following excerpts from speeches by Foreign Minister Miguel D'Escoto...

NICARAGUA'S FOREIGN POLICY: NON ALIGNMENT
1983 Enero Nicaragua
"Regarding the foreign policy of the Sandinista Revolution, the first thing that needs to be Pointed out is that it is a NICARAGUAN FOREIGN POLICY. It...

CONFRONTATION BETWEEN NICARAGUA AND THE UNITED STATES IN 1982 (FIRST OF TWO PARTS)
1983 Enero Nicaragua
The Reagan Administration's objectives in Central America – expressed initially in the Republican Party platform and confirmed on numerous occasions...

“The Silent war Against Nicaragua: Strategy of terror”
1982 Diciembre Nicaragua
1- THE CONSTANT OF U.S. POLICYOver the last month several events have confirmed earlier tendencies which continue to be a cause of concern....

Miskitos in Honduras and Nicaragua:A Divided People a Manipulated Banner?
1982 Diciembre Nicaragua
Increasing political and military tension on the Nicaraguan Atlantic Coast (especially northern Zelaya) in the last months of 1981 and January, 1982,...

The Situation Of Banana Production In Nicaragua
1982 Diciembre Nicaragua
One month after Standard pulled out, Nicaragua is now exporting bananas directly to the Pacific coast of the United States. On the plantations, workers,...

Sequel To The Literacy Campaign: Adult Education In Nicaragua
1982 Noviembre Nicaragua
“We have consolidated a permanent school for a permanent revolution…, where campesino teachers will prepare the teachers of the future, where the newly-literate...

A Revolutin That Is Self-Critical
1982 Noviembre Nicaragua
In the Envío N° 16 of October, 1982, we included an article about the Sandinista Block Committees. This article presented examples that clarify the...

From Constant Aggression To Military Emergency
1982 Noviembre Nicaragua
1- AGGRESSION, A GROWING TENDENCY Nicaraguan Update from October 5 to November 5 As this article was being written, on November 4 the Nicaraguan...

Letter from the Northern Christian Communities
1982 Noviembre Nicaragua
TO: NICARAGUAN CHRISTIANS, OUR BISHOPS, RELIGIOUS, PRIESTS, DELEGATES OF THE WORD AND ALL MEN AND WOMEN OF GOOD WILL. Greeting in the name of Jesus...

News And Analysis Update – September 5 To October 5, 1982
1982 Octubre Nicaragua
I- INTRODUCTIONAs we were preparing this article, a significant event took place which affected the Nicaraguan and regional political situation...

Sandinista Defense Committees (Cdss): Impressions After Four Years Of Existence
1982 Octubre Nicaragua
In Nicaragua today, when people talk about culture, adult education, health campaigns, political consciousness-raising, national defense (militia, voluntary...

Honduras: A Key Piece In The Central American Puzzle
1982 Octubre Honduras
Over the past months, we have been making increasingly frequent references to Honduras in our articles updating the month’s events and in articles dealing...

The Impact Of Nicaragua’s Economic Situation On The Poor
1982 Septiembre Nicaragua
I- IntroductionPrevious Envío articles on the economy have focused on the overall economic policies of the revolution and more recently the...

News And Analysis Update, August 10 To September 5, 1982
1982 Septiembre Nicaragua
The period covered in this update has been very eventful. Some of those events, particularly those which concern U.S.-Nicaraguan relations, reflected...

The Ideological Struggle In Nicaragua’s Protestant Churches
1982 Septiembre Nicaragua
“The United States must seize the ideological initiative... The war is for the minds of mankind. Ideo-politics will prevail...” –Santa Fe Document,...

The Silent Invasion
1982 Agosto Nicaragua
INTRODUCTIONWithin Nicaragua, alarm over increased military activity has grown considerably in recent weeks. News has focused on armed attacks,...

News And Analysis Update On Nicaragua
1982 Agosto Nicaragua
In the last “Envío” we did not include an article analyzing the major events of the month. Thus this month’s article will cover the period from June...

The Trade Union Movement In Nicaragua: Part Two
1982 Agosto Nicaragua
INTRODUCTIONFor various reasons which we shall not analyze here, Nicaragua is suffering a serious economic crisis, which is having, and will...

Nicaragua's Floods: digging Out From Disaster
1982 Julio Nicaragua
When the rains began on Friday, May 21, everybody thought that the rainy season had finally arrived and people welcomed the cooling effect of the cloud...

Nicaragua: Three Years of Achievements
1982 Julio Nicaragua
Nicaraguan is now celebrating the third anniversary of the victory of July 19, 1979. This occasion gives us the opportunity to present some of the changes...

Some Important Aspects of the Nicaraguan Reality During May-June
1982 Junio Nicaragua
The events of the last two months are numerous and complex. We do not intend to analyze the developments in Nicaragua; rather, we will present the...

2nd Notice - A Message to Our Readers
1982 Junio Nicaragua
We have now completed our first year of sending you our analyses and information from Nicaragua. We now have close to 1500 persons and institutions...

S.O.S National Disaster Due to Flooding in Nicaragua
1982 Junio Nicaragua
More than 80 deaths 70,000 homeless, equal to 3% of Nicaragua’s population $200 million in losses, roughly equal to 40% of Nicaragua’s...

Interview: With Department of Information of the Nicaraguan Workers Confederation - CTN
1982 Junio Nicaragua
Question: What does the CTN think of the way the government is now implementing the mixed economy, as the principal part of its politico-economic...

Interview: With Director of international Relations of the Sandinista Workers Confederation - CST
1982 Junio Nicaragua
Question: As a workers’ confederation, how does CST view the mixed economy as the principal basis for the Nicaraguan government’s economic project? F....

The Trade Union Movement In Nicaragua
1982 Junio Nicaragua
In the last three envíos, we have written about Nicaragua’s agricultural sector. We now turn our attention to the workers movement, their trade...

Various Aspects Of The Nicaraguan Economy, 1982
1982 Junio Nicaragua
IntroductionIn the October, 1981, bulletin we presented an interview with Xabier Gorostiaga concerning the state of the Nicaraguan economy. Now,...

Interview: With General Confederation of Workers – Independent CGT-I
1982 Junio Nicaragua
Question: According to the CGT-I, is the mixed economy that is being implemented by the Nicaraguan government in accordance with the programmatic...

The State of National Emergency in Nicaragua: Background, Causes And Implementation
1982 Abril Nicaragua
1- Background.In September of 1981, the Government of National Reconstruction enacted the Measures of Economic and Social Emergency. This was...

Analysis of the Nicaraguan Situation - The Central American Region
1982 Abril Nicaragua
ANALYSIS OF THE NICARAGUAN SITUATION FROM MARCH 5 TO APRIL 5, 1982 The Central American countries have been closely inter-related throughout their...

The Situation of the Campesinos in Nicaragua Today
1982 Abril Nicaragua
This third, and for the time being last, article on agriculture and the rural social classes of Nicaragua is dedicated to the campesinos, both the small...

Statement of the Moravian Church
1982 Marzo Nicaragua
On February 20, 1982, members of the Moravian Church participated in a panel presentation at the Central American University. We present here excerpts...

Castillo Norte
1982 Marzo Nicaragua
INTRODUCTIONThe agricultural laborer plays a critical role in Nicaragua’s agro-exporting economy. This social group will grow both in number...

Analysis of the Political Situation in Nicaragua from February 10 to March 10
1982 Marzo Nicaragua
Beginning with this bulletin, we plan to replace the introductory letter with a brief monthly analysis of developing events. This month’s events can...

Statement Of The Episcopal Conference Of Nicaragua
1982 Marzo Nicaragua
We point out a distressing situation, namely, the events which have occurred in the Río Coco area on the border with Honduras, in the department of Zelaya,...

Nicaragua’s Resettlement Project
1982 Marzo Nicaragua
“Tasba Pri”. In Miskitu this means “the promised land”; it is the name of the resettlement area to which the Sandinista government has moved 10,000...

Response From The Junta Of The National Reconstruction Government
1982 Marzo Nicaragua
On February 22, 1982, the Junta of National Reconstruction issued a communiqué in response to that issued by the Episcopal Conference of Nicaragua. ...

Excerpts from the Provisional General Law Regarding communications media
1982 Febrero Nicaragua
Article 1.a) Freedom of information, as an extension of freedom of expression, in mass communications is the foundation of the guarantee for the...

The Closings Of La Prensa
1982 Febrero Nicaragua
Commentaries on Nicaragua in the exterior continue to refer to government closings of La Prensa as a symbol of repression and totalitarianism. Press...

Update On The Atlantic Coast
1982 Febrero Nicaragua
As we have discussed before, especially in envío N° 4 of September 1981, the whole history of the Atlantic Coast of Nicaragua is one of isolation, disinterest...

Response By The Ministry Of The Interior
1982 Febrero Nicaragua
With relation to the communiqué published by the Episcopal Conference, the public relations office of the Ministry of the Interior clarifies the following...

Rural Nicaragua
1982 Febrero Nicaragua
Nicaragua is an agricultural country. Yet one hears little or the situation in the rural areas, the life of the campesinos, the achievements and problems...

Church-State Conflict
1982 Febrero Nicaragua
COMMUNIQUE OF THE EPISCOPAL CONFERENCEThe Bishops of Nicaragua believe that our Catholic people and our priests and religious have the right...

Efforts To Subvert The Nicaraguan Revolution And Its Process Of Reconstruction
1982 Febrero Nicaragua
We said in previous envíos that the first months of 1982 would be the most difficult for the Nicaraguan government in light of a predicted increase in...

Declaration By The Instituto Historico Centroamericano
1982 Enero Nicaragua
In the presence of the recent murders, disappearances and tortures that our soldiers on the northern border have suffered, as well as the murderous atrocities...

Seminar On Racism And Racial Discrimination Held In Managua
1982 Enero Nicaragua
A United Nations Seminar on Racism and Racial Discrimination was held here in Managua from December 14-22. The seminar was the third in a series of...

Dear Friends
1982 Enero Nicaragua
This envío finds us a little short-handed. Some of the staff are out of Nicaragua for the moment, either on vacation or in travel related to our...

Dear Friends
1981 Diciembre Nicaragua
In this Christmas season, we hold a special feeling for all of you who have shared in Nicaragua’s struggle. Your continuing concern for the peoples...

Continuing Tensions Between Nicaragua And The United States
1981 Diciembre Nicaragua
INTRODUCTIONDuring November, 1981, the threats by the government of the United States toward Nicaragua and Cuba were stepped up dramatically....

The Purísima in Nicaragua
1981 Diciembre Nicaragua
Managua in the first week of December – In a one-room wooden house, rows of seats are lined up before the statue of the Virgin Mary. A banner hangs...

Letter to the Pope for Peace in Central America
1981 Diciembre Centroamérica
Dear Holy Father, We, the clergy and religious men and women of the Nicaraguan Church, encouraged by your universal petition for peace, wish to express...

Political Parties In Nicaragua Today In Relation To Proposed Legislation
1981 Diciembre Nicaragua
I- INTRODUCTION:The introduction by the Frente Sandinista of a bill concerning political parties has created a new political situation in Nicaragua....

Halcón Vista And The Response Of The Nicaraguan People
1981 Noviembre Nicaragua
I. Immediate Precedents:The establishment of the State of Economic and Social Emergency. In the last envío we analyzed in detail the...

North-South Conference At Cancun
1981 Noviembre Internacional
The highly publicized North-South conference between representatives of developed and underdeveloped nations was held in Cancun, Mexico’s luxurious Caribbean...

Dear Friends
1981 Noviembre Nicaragua
It has been an incredibly active month here in Nicaragua; one in which many of the events that have taken place give us serious cause for concern. There...

Refugees In Central America
1981 Noviembre Nicaragua
Refugees. Those desperately seeking refuge, fleeing from horror so great that it is preferable to leave one’s family, one’s few possessions and, at...

The Case Regarding COSEP and caus members
1981 Noviembre Nicaragua
INTRODUCTION:Four high level officials of the Superior Council on Private Enterprise, COSEP, and four organizers of the Action and Unity Syndicate,...

Dear Friends
1981 Octubre Nicaragua
Greetings from Nicaragua! Many thanks to those of you who have sent us news of the work you are doing on Central American issues, and copies of your...

National State of Emergency
1981 Octubre Centroamérica
Causes of the Action (taken from the official communiqué of 9/9/81) 1)Crisis in the Third World “The countries of the Third World...

Religious News In Nicaragua
1981 Octubre Nicaragua
In the religious news in Nicaragua this month, there has been a great deal of discussion regarding the “Iglesia Popular”, the Popular Church, and regarding...

Dear Friends
1981 Septiembre Nicaragua
Greetings again from Nicaragua Libre! The past month has been a busy one here at the Instituto and we hope that our efforts result in providing you...

A Look At A Popular Nicaraguan Barrio
1981 Septiembre Nicaragua
Historical NotesCiudad Sandino is a popular barrio near the city of Managua. Although it is considered part of the capital, it is located on...

The Atlantic Coast Area Of Nicaragua
1981 Septiembre Nicaragua
INTRODUCTION:It is very difficult for people who are not familiar with Nicaragua to comprehend the tremendous differences that exist between...

Problems Within The Church In Nicaragua
1981 Septiembre Nicaragua
“I don’t know what the bishops are thinking. First they ask the priests who work with the Government and for the people to resign, and now they want...

Principles and definitions of the JGRN and FSLN Regarding the coast
1981 Septiembre Nicaragua
On August 12, Comandante Daniel Ortega, on behalf of the Frente Sandinista of National Liberation (FSLN)and the Junta of the National Reconstruction...

They Continue Being Priests and they continue in Government Positions
1981 Agosto Nicaragua
The problem of the Catholic priests who hold Government positions, specifically Fr. Ernesto Cardenal (Minister of Culture), Fr. Miguel D’Escoto (Minister...

The Agrarian Reform Law In Nicaragua
1981 Agosto Nicaragua
On July 19, 1981, Daniel Ortega, Junta Coordinator, announced the new Agrarian Reform law before half a million people who had gathered in the Plaza...

The Ideological Struggle within the Catholic Church In Nicaragua
1981 Agosto Nicaragua
In fact, many believe that at this time the ideological struggle is being waged most strenuously in the religious camp. With the measures enacted under...

Dear Friends
1981 Agosto Nicaragua
They began arriving before the sun had risen; campesinos from Nicaragua’s remotest corners, families from Managua’s neighborhoods, visitors from around...

Bishops grant exception Priests will continue in the government
1981 Agosto Nicaragua
THE PRINCIPLES:The constant doctrine of the Church, confirmed by historical experience, is that “like the Bishop, the priest evangelizes and...

The Second Anniversary Of The Nicaraguan Revolution
1981 Agosto Nicaragua
IntroductionWe intend to present an outline of the measures announced on July 19 during the speech by the Coordinator of the Government Junta,...

The National Forum
1981 Julio Nicaragua
The National Forum, a dialogue between opposition and revolutionary political parties, is one of the principal political events which is currently taking...

Dear Friends
1981 Julio Nicaragua
In these hectic, yet joyful days before July 19th, we wish to send you greetings and thank you once again for all the good work you are doing on Central...

Decapitalization
1981 Julio Nicaragua
Introduction:The Nicaraguan government, from its inception, has been described as pragmatic rather than ideological. Pragmatic is the word...

Dear Friends
1981 Junio Nicaragua
Dear Friends: We appreciate greatly the good work you are doing in informing people of the situation in Nicaragua and Central America. As church...

Commentary On The Document Of The Bishops
1981 Junio Nicaragua
The communiqué of the bishops demanding the resignation of the demanding the resignation of the priests who hold government or party offices has caused...

Priests Respond To Bishops' Communiqué
1981 Junio Nicaragua
As an initial response to the communiqué of the Nicaraguan Bishops' Conference, we wish to say the Bishops of Nicaragua, to our brother priests and our...

Events Preceding The Declaration Of The Bishops Of Managua
1981 Junio Nicaragua
May 13, 1980. Communiqué by the Bishops. "We consider that since that since exceptional circumstances have passed, Christian laity can occupy...

Christian Communities In The Revolution
1981 Junio Nicaragua
As Christian revolutionaries, we have been dismayed by the episcopal decision expressed in the communiqué of June 1 ordering the priests who participate...

Excerpts From The Nicaraguan Bishops Communiqué Of June 1, 1981
1981 Junio Nicaragua
...Dear faithful, we do not wish to prolong this pastoral communiqué further. Therefore we conclude by saying that, after having made known to the Holy...

Circumstances Surrounding The Bishop’s Communiqué
1981 Junio Nicaragua
The grave national and international implications of the situation caused by the bishops’ letter demanding the resignation of the priests who hold government...